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apostle 音標拼音: [əp'ɑsəl] n. 基督十二使徒之一,最初的傳道者 基督十二使徒之一,最初的傳道者 apostle n 1: an ardent early supporter of a cause or reform; " an apostle of revolution" 2: any important early teacher of Christianity or a Christian missionary to a people [ synonym: { Apostle}, { Apostelic Father}] 3: ( New Testament) one of the original 12 disciples chosen by Christ to preach his gospelApostle \ A* pos" tle\, n. [ OE. apostle, apostel, postle, AS. apostol, L. apostolus, fr. Gr. ? messenger, one sent forth or away, fr. ? to send off or away; ? from ? to send; akin to G. stellen to set, E. stall: cf. F. ap[^ o] tre, Of. apostre, apostle, apostele, apostole.] 1. Literally: One sent forth; a messenger. Specifically: One of the twelve disciples of Christ, specially chosen as his companions and witnesses, and sent forth to preach the gospel. [ 1913 Webster] He called unto him his disciples, and of them he chose twelve, whom also he named apostles. -- Luke vi. 13. [ 1913 Webster] Note: The title of apostle is also applied to others, who, though not of the number of the Twelve, yet were equal with them in office and dignity; as, " Paul, called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ." -- 1 Cor. i. 1. In -- Heb. iii. 1, the name is given to Christ himself, as having been sent from heaven to publish the gospel. In the primitive church, other ministers were called apostles --( Rom. xvi. 7). [ 1913 Webster] 2. The missionary who first plants the Christian faith in any part of the world; also, one who initiates any great moral reform, or first advocates any important belief; one who has extraordinary success as a missionary or reformer; as, Dionysius of Corinth is called the apostle of France, John Eliot the apostle to the Indians, Theobald Mathew the apostle of temperance. [ 1913 Webster] 3. ( Civ. & Admiralty Law) A brief letter dimissory sent by a court appealed from to the superior court, stating the case, etc.; a paper sent up on appeals in the admiralty courts. -- Wharton. Burrill. [ 1913 Webster] { Apostles' creed}, a creed of unknown origin, which was formerly ascribed to the apostles. It certainly dates back to the beginning of the sixth century, and some assert that it can be found in the writings of Ambrose in the fourth century. { Apostle spoon} ( Antiq.), a spoon of silver, with the handle terminating in the figure of an apostle. One or more were offered by sponsors at baptism as a present to the godchild. -- B. Jonson. [ 1913 Webster] 49 Moby Thesaurus words for " apostle": Aaronic priesthood, Ambrose of Milan, Athanasius, Barnabas, Basil, Clement of Alexandria, Clement of Rome, Cyprian of Carthage, Cyril of Jerusalem, Gregory of Nyssa, Hermas, Ignatius, Irenaeus, Jerome, John, John Chrysostom, Justin Martyr, Lactantius Firmianus, Luke, Mark, Melchizedek priesthood, Origen, Papias, Paul, Peter, Polycarp, Seventy, Tertullian, ante- Nicene Fathers, bishop, colporteur, convert, converter, deacon, disciple, elder, evangelist, follower, high priest, missionary, missioner, patriarch, priest, propagandist, proselyte, proselyter, proselytizer, saint, teacherApostle a person sent by another; a messenger; envoy. This word is once used as a descriptive designation of Jesus Christ, the Sent of the Father ( Heb. 3: 1; John 20: 21). It is, however, generally used as designating the body of disciples to whom he intrusted the organization of his church and the dissemination of his gospel, " the twelve," as they are called ( Matt. 10: 1- 5; Mark 3: 14; 6: 7; Luke 6: 13; 9: 1). We have four lists of the apostles, one by each of the synoptic evangelists ( Matt. 10: 2- 4; Mark 3: 16; Luke 6: 14), and one in the Acts ( 1: 13). No two of these lists, however, perfectly coincide. Our Lord gave them the " keys of the kingdom," and by the gift of his Spirit fitted them to be the founders and governors of his church ( John 14: 16, 17, 26; 15: 26, 27; 16: 7- 15). To them, as representing his church, he gave the commission to " preach the gospel to every creature" ( Matt. 28: 18- 20). After his ascension he communicated to them, according to his promise, supernatural gifts to qualify them for the discharge of their duties ( Acts 2: 4; 1 Cor. 2: 16; 2: 7, 10, 13; 2 Cor. 5: 20; 1 Cor. 11: 2). Judas Iscariot, one of " the twelve," fell by transgression, and Matthias was substituted in his place ( Acts 1: 21). Saul of Tarsus was afterwards added to their number ( Acts 9: 3- 20; 20: 4; 26: 15- 18; 1 Tim. 1: 12; 2: 7; 2 Tim. 1: 11). Luke has given some account of Peter, John, and the two Jameses ( Acts 12: 2, 17; 15: 13; 21: 18), but beyond this we know nothing from authentic history of the rest of the original twelve. After the martyrdom of James the Greater ( Acts 12: 2), James the Less usually resided at Jerusalem, while Paul, " the apostle of the uncircumcision," usually travelled as a missionary among the Gentiles ( Gal. 2: 8). It was characteristic of the apostles and necessary ( 1) that they should have seen the Lord, and been able to testify of him and of his resurrection from personal knowledge ( John 15: 27; Acts 1: 21, 22; 1 Cor. 9: 1; Acts 22: 14, 15). ( 2.) They must have been immediately called to that office by Christ ( Luke 6: 13; Gal. 1: 1). ( 3.) It was essential that they should be infallibly inspired, and thus secured against all error and mistake in their public teaching, whether by word or by writing ( John 14: 26; 16: 13; 1 Thess. 2: 13). ( 4.) Another qualification was the power of working miracles ( Mark 16: 20; Acts 2: 43; 1 Cor. 12: 8- 11). The apostles therefore could have had no successors. They are the only authoritative teachers of the Christian doctrines. The office of an apostle ceased with its first holders. In 2 Cor. 8: 23 and Phil. 2: 25 the word " messenger" is the rendering of the same Greek word, elsewhere rendered " apostle."
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