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improvement 音標拼音: [ɪmpr'uvmənt] n. U改進; C經改進的東西 U改進; C經改進的東西 improvement自改進; 自我改善 improvement改進 improvement n 1: a change for the better; progress in development [ synonym: { improvement}, { betterment}, { advance}] 2: the act of improving something; " their improvements increased the value of the property" 3: a condition superior to an earlier condition; " the new school represents a great improvement" [ synonym: { improvement}, { melioration}] [ ant: { declination}, { decline}] Improvement \ Im* prove" ment\, n. 1. The act of improving; advancement or growth; promotion in desirable qualities; progress toward what is better; melioration; as, the improvement of the mind, of land, roads, etc. [ 1913 Webster] I look upon your city as the best place of improvement. -- South. [ 1913 Webster] Exercise is the chief source of improvement in all our faculties. -- Blair. [ 1913 Webster] 2. The act of making profitable use or applicaton of anything, or the state of being profitably employed; a turning to good account; practical application, as of a doctrine, principle, or theory, stated in a discourse. " A good improvement of his reason." -- S. Clarke. [ 1913 Webster] I shall make some improvement of this doctrine. -- Tillotson. [ 1913 Webster] 3. The state of being improved; betterment; advance; also, that which is improved; as, the new edition is an improvement on the old. [ 1913 Webster] The parts of Sinon, Camilla, and some few others, are improvements on the Greek poet. -- Addison. [ 1913 Webster] 4. Increase; growth; progress; advance. [ 1913 Webster] There is a design of publishing the history of architecture, with its several improvements and decays. -- Addison. [ 1913 Webster] Those vices which more particularly receive improvement by prosperity. -- South. [ 1913 Webster] 5. pl. Valuable additions or betterments, as buildings, clearings, drains, fences, etc., on land or premises; as, to convey the land together with all improvements. [ 1913 Webster] 6. ( Patent Laws) A useful addition to, or modification of, a machine, manufacture, or composition. -- Kent. [ 1913 Webster] 132 Moby Thesaurus words for " improvement": about- face, accommodation, adaptation, adjustment, advance, alteration, amelioration, amendment, apostasy, apprenticeship, basic training, betterment, break, breaking, breeding, change, change of allegiance, change of heart, change of mind, changeableness, conditioning, constructive change, continuity, convalescence, conversion, cultivation, defection, degeneration, degenerative change, deterioration, development, deviation, difference, discipline, discontinuity, divergence, diversification, diversion, diversity, drill, drilling, enhancement, exercise, fetching- up, fitting, flip- flop, fostering, gain, gradual change, grooming, housebreaking, in- service training, increase, instauration, manual training, melioration, military training, mitigation, modification, modulation, new birth, nurture, nurturing, on- the- job training, overthrow, practice, preparation, progress, qualification, radical change, raising, re- creation, reactivation, readying, realignment, rearing, rebirth, reclamation, reconstitution, reconversion, recovery, recrudescence, recuperation, redemption, redesign, redintegration, reenactment, reestablishment, reform, reformation, regeneration, rehabilitation, rehearsal, reinstatement, reinstation, reinstitution, reinvestiture, reinvestment, remaking, renascence, renewal, repair, replacement, reshaping, restitution, restoration, restructuring, reversal, reversion, revival, revivification, revolution, rise, shift, sloyd, sudden change, switch, total change, training, transition, turn, turnabout, upbringing, upgrading, upheaval, upswing, variation, variety, violent change, vocational education, vocational training, worseningIMPROVEMENT, rights. An addition of some useful thing to a machine, manufacture or composition of matter. 2. The patent law of July 4, 1836, authorizes the granting of a patent for any new and useful improvement on any art, machine manufacture or composition of matter. Sect. 6. It is often very difficult to say what is a new and useful improvement, the cases often approach very near to each other. In the present improved state of machinery, it is almost impracticable not to employ the same elements of motion, and in some particulars, the same manner of operation, to produce any new effect. 1 Gallis. 478; 2 Gallis. 51. See 4 B. & Ald. 540; 2 Kent, Com. 370.
IMPROVEMENT, estates. This term is of doubtful meaning It would seem to apply principally to buildings, though generally it extends to amelioration of every description of property, whether real or personal; it is generally explained by other words. 2. Where, by the terms of a lease, the covenant was to leave at the end of the term a water- mill with all the fixtures, fastenings, and improvements, during the demise fixed, fastened, or set up on or upon the premises, in good plight and condition, it was held to include a pair of new millstones set up by the lessee during the term, although the custom of the country in general authorized the tenant to remove them. 9 Bing. 24; 3 Sim. 450; 2 Ves. & Bea. 349. Vide 3 Yeates, 71; Addis. R. 335; 4 Binn. R. 418; 5 Binn. R. 77; 5 S. & R. 266; 1 Binn. R. 495; 1 John. Ch. R. 450; 15 Pick. R. 471. Vide Profits. 2 Man. & Gra. 729, 757; S. C. 40 Eng. C. L. R. 598, 612. 3. Tenants in common are not bound to pay for permanent improvements, made on the common property, by one of the tenants in common without their consent. 2 Bouv. Inst. n. 1881.
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