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justification 音標拼音: [dʒ ,ʌstəfək'eʃən] n. 辯護,證明正當,釋罪 辯護,証明正當,釋罪 justification對齊; 調整 justification對齊 整版 justification n 1: something ( such as a fact or circumstance) that shows an action to be reasonable or necessary; " he considered misrule a justification for revolution" 2: a statement in explanation of some action or belief 3: the act of defending or explaining or making excuses for by reasoning; " the justification of barbarous means by holy ends"- H. J. MullerJustification \ Jus` ti* fi* ca" tion\, n. [ L. justificatio: cf. F. justification. See { Justify}.] [ 1913 Webster] 1. The act of justifying or the state of being justified; a showing or proving to be just or conformable to law, justice, right, or duty; defense; vindication; support; as, arguments in justification of the prisoner' s conduct; his disobedience admits justification. [ 1913 Webster] I hope, for my brother' s justification, he wrote this but as an essay or taste of my virtue. -- Shak. [ 1913 Webster] 2. ( Law) The showing in court of a sufficient lawful reason why a party charged or accused did that for which he is called to answer. [ 1913 Webster] 3. ( Theol.) The act of justifying, or the state of being justified, in respect to God' s requirements. [ 1913 Webster] Who was delivered for our offenses, and was raised again for our justification. -- Rom. iv. 25. [ 1913 Webster] In such righteousness To them by faith imputed, they may find Justification toward God, and peace Of conscience. -- Milton. [ 1913 Webster] 4. ( Print.) Adjustment of type ( in printing), or of the final spacing of printed text, by spacing it so as to make it exactly fill a line, or line up at one edge of the allotted portion of the printed page; adjustment of a cut so as to hold it in the right place; also, the leads, quads, etc., used for making such adjustment; as, left justification is the most common format for simple letters, but left and right justification is typically used in books. [ 1913 Webster] 80 Moby Thesaurus words for " justification": Intertype, Linotype, Monotype, account, apologetic, apologia, beatification, beatitude, blessedness, blessing, canonization, cold- type typesetting, composing, composing stick, composition, computerized typesetting, consecration, dedication, defense, defensibility, devotion, drumhead justice, dueness, dummy, enshrinement, equitableness, equity, evenhandedness, exaltation, furniture, galley chase, give- and- take, glorification, grace, hallowing, hot- metal typesetting, imposition, justice, justifiability, justifiableness, justification by works, justness, lawfulness, layout, legality, line of type, measure for measure, meetness, nemesis, photocomposition, photosetting, phototypesetter, phototypesetting machine, poetic justice, properness, propriety, purification, quoin, rationale, rationalization, reason, retributive justice, right, rightfulness, rightness, rude justice, sainthood, sainting, sanctification, scales of justice, setting, setting apart, slug, state of grace, summary justice, typesetting, typesetting machine, warrantability, warrantedness, what is rightJustification a forensic term, opposed to condemnation. As regards its nature, it is the judicial act of God, by which he pardons all the sins of those who believe in Christ, and accounts, accepts, and treats them as righteous in the eye of the law, i. e., as conformed to all its demands. In addition to the pardon ( q. v.) of sin, justification declares that all the claims of the law are satisfied in respect of the justified. It is the act of a judge and not of a sovereign. The law is not relaxed or set aside, but is declared to be fulfilled in the strictest sense; and so the person justified is declared to be entitled to all the advantages and rewards arising from perfect obedience to the law ( Rom. 5: 1- 10). It proceeds on the imputing or crediting to the believer by God himself of the perfect righteousness, active and passive, of his Representative and Surety, Jesus Christ ( Rom. 10: 3- 9). Justification is not the forgiveness of a man without righteousness, but a declaration that he possesses a righteousness which perfectly and for ever satisfies the law, namely, Christ' s righteousness ( 2 Cor. 5: 21; Rom. 4: 6- 8). The sole condition on which this righteousness is imputed or credited to the believer is faith in or on the Lord Jesus Christ. Faith is called a " condition," not because it possesses any merit, but only because it is the instrument, the only instrument by which the soul appropriates or apprehends Christ and his righteousness ( Rom. 1: 17; 3: 25, 26; 4: 20, 22; Phil. 3: 8- 11; Gal. 2: 16). The act of faith which thus secures our justification secures also at the same time our sanctification ( q. v.); and thus the doctrine of justification by faith does not lead to licentiousness ( Rom. 6: 2- 7). Good works, while not the ground, are the certain consequence of justification ( 6: 14; 7: 6). ( See GALATIANS, EPISTLE { TO}.)
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