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asbestus n. 石棉 石棉 Amphibole \ Am" phi* bole\ ([ a^] m" f[ i^]* b[= o] l), n. [ Gr. ' amfi` bolos doubtful, equivocal, fr. ' amfiba` llein to throw round, to doubt: cf. F. amphibole. Ha[" u] y so named the genus from the great variety of color and composition assumed by the mineral.] ( Min.) A common mineral embracing many varieties varying in color and in composition. It occurs in monoclinic crystals; also massive, generally with fibrous or columnar structure. The color varies from white to gray, green, brown, and black. It is a silicate of magnesium and calcium, with usually aluminium and iron. Some common varieties are { tremolite}, { actinolite}, { asbestus}, { edenite}, { hornblende} ( the last name being also used as a general term for the whole species). Amphibole is a constituent of many crystalline rocks, as syenite, diorite, most varieties of trachyte, etc. See { Hornblende}. [ 1913 Webster]
Asbestus \ As* bes" tus\, Asbestos \ As* bes" tos\ (?; 277), n. [ L. asbestos ( NL. asbestus) a kind of mineral unaffected by fire, Gr. ? ( prop. an adj.) inextinguishable; ' a priv. ? to extinguish.] ( Min.) A variety of amphibole or of pyroxene, occurring in long and delicate fibers, or in fibrous masses or seams, usually of a white, gray, or green- gray color. The name is also given to a similar variety of serpentine. [ 1913 Webster] Note: The finer varieties have been wrought into gloves and cloth which are incombustible. The cloth was formerly used as a shroud for dead bodies, and has been recommended for firemen' s clothes. Asbestus in also employed in the manufacture of iron safes, for fireproof roofing, and for lampwicks. Some varieties are called amianthus. -- Dana.
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