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commutation    
n. 交換,變換,代替

交換,變換,代替

commutation
n 1: the travel of a commuter [synonym: {commutation}, {commuting}]
2: a warrant substituting a lesser punishment for a greater one
3: (law) the reduction in severity of a punishment imposed by
law [synonym: {commutation}, {re-sentencing}]
4: the act of putting one thing or person in the place of
another: "he sent Smith in for Jones but the substitution
came too late to help" [synonym: {substitution}, {exchange},
{commutation}]

Commutation \Com`mu*ta"tion\, n. [L. commutatio: cf. F.
commutation.]
1. A passing from one state to another; change; alteration;
mutation. [R.]
[1913 Webster]

So great is the commutation that the soul then hated
only that which now only it loves. --South.
[1913 Webster]

2. The act of giving one thing for another; barter; exchange.
[Obs.]
[1913 Webster]

The use of money is . . . that of saving the
commutation of more bulky commodities. --Arbuthnot.
[1913 Webster]

3. (Law) The change of a penalty or punishment by the
pardoning power of the State; as, the commutation of a
sentence of death to banishment or imprisonment.
[1913 Webster]

Suits are allowable in the spiritual courts for
money agreed to be given as a commutation for
penance. --Blackstone.
[1913 Webster]

4. A substitution, as of a less thing for a greater, esp. a
substitution of one form of payment for another, or one
payment for many, or a specific sum of money for
conditional payments or allowances; as, commutation of
tithes; commutation of fares; commutation of copyright;
commutation of rations.
[1913 Webster]

5. regular travel from a place of residence to a place where
one's daily work is performed; commuting. Most often, such
travel is performed between a suburb and a nearby city.
[1913 Webster]

{Angle of commutation} (Astron.), the difference of the
geocentric longitudes of the sun and a planet.

{Commutation of tithes}, the substitution of a regular
payment, chargeable to the land, for the annual tithes in
kind.

{Commutation ticket}, a ticket, as for transportation, which
is the evidence of a contract for service at a reduced
rate. See 2d {Commute}, 2.
[1913 Webster]

82 Moby Thesaurus words for "commutation":
agency, alternation, amends, atonement, balancing,
battledore and shuttlecock, change, compensation, cooperation,
counteraction, counterbalancing, counterchange, course, cross fire,
crossing, delegation, deputation, deputyship, displacement,
exchange, expiation, give-and-take, globe-trotting, going,
indemnification, indemnity, interchange, intermutation, interplay,
journeying, lex talionis, locomotion, measure for measure, motion,
movement, moving, mutual admiration, mutual support,
mutual transfer, mutuality, offsetting, passage, permutation,
power of attorney, progress, quid pro quo, reciprocality,
reciprocation, reciprocity, recompense, rectification, redress,
reparation, repayment, replacement, representation, restitution,
retaliation, revenge, satisfaction, something for something,
subrogation, substitution, supersedence, superseding, supersedure,
supersession, supplantation, supplanting, supplantment, switch,
tit for tat, tourism, touristry, traject, trajet, transit,
transposal, transposition, travel, traveling, vicariousness

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