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design    音標拼音: [dɪz'ɑɪn]
vt. 設計,構思,繪制
vi. 計劃,謀劃;設計,構思,繪制
n. 設計,圖樣;計劃,企圖

設計,構思,繪制計劃,謀劃;設計,構思,繪制設計,圖樣;計劃,企圖

design
設計

design
設計

design
n 1: the act of working out the form of something (as by making
a sketch or outline or plan); "he contributed to the design
of a new instrument" [synonym: {design}, {designing}]
2: an arrangement scheme; "the awkward design of the keyboard
made operation difficult"; "it was an excellent design for
living"; "a plan for seating guests" [synonym: {design}, {plan}]
3: something intended as a guide for making something else; "a
blueprint for a house"; "a pattern for a skirt" [synonym:
{blueprint}, {design}, {pattern}]
4: a decorative or artistic work; "the coach had a design on the
doors" [synonym: {design}, {pattern}, {figure}]
5: an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your
planned actions; "his intent was to provide a new
translation"; "good intentions are not enough"; "it was
created with the conscious aim of answering immediate needs";
"he made no secret of his designs" [synonym: {purpose}, {intent},
{intention}, {aim}, {design}]
6: a preliminary sketch indicating the plan for something; "the
design of a building"
7: the creation of something in the mind [synonym: {invention},
{innovation}, {excogitation}, {conception}, {design}]
v 1: make or work out a plan for; devise; "They contrived to
murder their boss"; "design a new sales strategy"; "plan an
attack" [synonym: {plan}, {project}, {contrive}, {design}]
2: plan something for a specific role or purpose or effect;
"This room is not designed for work"
3: create the design for; create or execute in an artistic or
highly skilled manner; "Chanel designed the famous suit"
4: make a design of; plan out in systematic, often graphic form;
"design a better mousetrap"; "plan the new wing of the
museum" [synonym: {design}, {plan}]
5: create designs; "Dupont designs for the house of Chanel"
6: conceive or fashion in the mind; invent; "She designed a good
excuse for not attending classes that day"
7: intend or have as a purpose; "She designed to go far in the
world of business"

Design \De*sign"\ (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Designed}; p.
pr. & vb. n. {Designing}.] [F. d['e]signer to designate, cf.
F. dessiner to draw, dessin drawing, dessein a plan or
scheme; all, ultimately, from L. designare to designate; de-
signare to mark, mark out, signum mark, sign. See {Sign},
and cf. {Design}, n., {Designate}.]
1. To draw preliminary outline or main features of; to sketch
for a pattern or model; to delineate; to trace out; to
draw. --Dryden.
[1913 Webster]

2. To mark out and exhibit; to designate; to indicate; to
show; to point out; to appoint.
[1913 Webster]

We shall see
Justice design the victor's chivalry. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

Meet me to-morrow where the master
And this fraternity shall design. --Beau. & Fl.
[1913 Webster]

3. To create or produce, as a work of art; to form a plan or
scheme of; to form in idea; to invent; to project; to lay
out in the mind; as, a man designs an essay, a poem, a
statue, or a cathedral.
[1913 Webster]

4. To intend or purpose; -- usually with for before the
remote object, but sometimes with to.
[1913 Webster]

Ask of politicians the end for which laws were
originally designed. --Burke.
[1913 Webster]

He was designed to the study of the law. --Dryden.

Syn: To sketch; plan; purpose; intend; propose; project;
mean.
[1913 Webster]


Design \De*sign"\, v. i.
To form a design or designs; to plan.
[1913 Webster]

{Design for}, to intend to go to. [Obs.] "From this city she
designed for Collin [Cologne]." --Evelyn.
[1913 Webster]


Design \De*sign"\, n. [Cf. dessein, dessin.]
1. A preliminary sketch; an outline or pattern of the main
features of something to be executed, as of a picture, a
building, or a decoration; a delineation; a plan.
[1913 Webster]

2. A plan or scheme formed in the mind of something to be
done; preliminary conception; idea intended to be
expressed in a visible form or carried into action;
intention; purpose; -- often used in a bad sense for evil
intention or purpose; scheme; plot.
[1913 Webster]

The vast design and purpos? of the King. --Tennyson.
[1913 Webster]

The leaders of that assembly who withstood the
designs of a besotted woman. --Hallam.
[1913 Webster]

A . . . settled design upon another man's life.
--Locke.
[1913 Webster]

How little he could guess the secret designs of the
court! --Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]

3. Specifically, intention or purpose as revealed or inferred
from the adaptation of means to an end; as, the argument
from design.
[1913 Webster]

4. The realization of an inventive or decorative plan; esp.,
a work of decorative art considered as a new creation;
conception or plan shown in completed work; as, this
carved panel is a fine design, or of a fine design.
[1913 Webster]

5. (Mus.) The invention and conduct of the subject; the
disposition of every part, and the general order of the
whole.
[1913 Webster]

{Arts of design}, those into which the designing of artistic
forms and figures enters as a principal part, as
architecture, painting, engraving, sculpture.

{School of design}, one in which are taught the invention and
delineation of artistic or decorative figures, patterns,
and the like.

Syn: Intention; purpose; scheme; project; plan; idea.

Usage: {Design}, {Intention}, {Purpose}. Design has reference
to something definitely aimed at. Intention points to
the feelings or desires with which a thing is sought.
Purpose has reference to a settled choice or
determination for its attainment. "I had no design to
injure you," means it was no part of my aim or object.
"I had no intention to injure you," means, I had no
wish or desire of that kind. "My purpose was directly
the reverse," makes the case still stronger.
[1913 Webster]

Is he a prudent man . . . that lays designs only
for a day, without any prospect to the remaining
part of his life? --Tillotson.
[1913 Webster]

I wish others the same intention, and greater
successes. --Sir W.
Temple.
[1913 Webster]

It is the purpose that makes strong the vow.
--Shak.
[1913 Webster]

438 Moby Thesaurus words for "design":
abstract art, action, aim, aim at, ambition, anagnorisis, angle,
animus, approach, architectonics, architecture, argument, arrange,
arrangement, art, art form, art object, artful dodge, artifice,
artist, arts and crafts, arts of design, aspiration, aspire after,
aspire to, atmosphere, attack, background, background detail,
bag of tricks, balance, be after, beget, black and white, blind,
blueprint, blueprinting, bluff, bosey, brainchild, breed,
bric-a-brac, bring forth, bring into being, brouillon, brushwork,
cabal, calculate, calculation, call into being, calligraphy,
canon form, cartoon, cast, catastrophe, catch, cave art, ceramics,
chalk, characterization, charcoal, charcoal drawing, chart,
charting, chiaroscuro, chicanery, chouse, classic, coin, color,
complication, composition, conation, conceive, conception, concert,
concoct, configuration, connivance, conniving, conspiracy,
constitution, construct, construction, contemplate, continuity,
contrivance, contrive, cook up, copy, counsel, coup, craft, crayon,
create, creation, crosshatch, curve, curve-ball, cut out,
cute trick, dash off, daub, deceit, decoration,
decorative composition, decorative style, deliberation, delineate,
delineation, denouement, depict, desideration, desideratum,
designing, designs, desire, destine, detail, determination,
determine, develop, development, device, devise, diagram,
dirty deal, dirty trick, disposition, dodge, doodle, dope out,
draft, draftsmanship, draw, draw up, drawing, dream up, drive at,
ebauche, effect, elevation, engender, engraving, enterprise,
envisage, envisagement, envision, episode, esquisse, etching,
evil intent, evolve, expedient, fable, fabricate, fakement,
falling action, fashion, fast deal, feint, fetch, ficelle, figure,
figuring, fine arts, fixed purpose, foil, folk art, forecast,
foreground detail, foresight, forethought, forge, form, format,
formation, frame, fugue form, function, gambit, game, game plan,
generate, gimmick, give being to, give rise to, go for, goal,
googly, graph, graphic arts, graphing, grift, grotesque,
ground plan, grouping, guidelines, harbor a design, hatch,
have every intention, hocus-pocus, house plan, ichnography, idea,
improvise, incident, intend, intendment, intent, intention,
intrigue, invent, invention, joker, juggle, jugglery, kitsch,
knavery, lay out, lay plans, layout, lied form, limn, line,
line drawing, lineup, little game, local color, long-range plan,
machination, make, make a projection, make arrangements,
make do with, make up, maneuver, manipulation, map, map out,
mapping, master, master plan, masterpiece, masterwork, mature,
mean, meaning, method, methodize, methodology, mind, mint, mobile,
model, mood, motif, motive, mould, move, movement, museum piece,
mythos, national style, nisus, nude, object, objective, old master,
operations research, organization, organize, originate,
ornamental motif, outline, paint, paint a picture, painterliness,
pass, pastel, pasticcio, pastiche, pattern, pen-and-ink, pencil,
pencil drawing, period style, peripeteia, perspective, photography,
picture, picturize, piece, piece of virtu, plan, plan ahead,
planning, planning function, plastic art, plot, ploy, point,
portray, prearrange, prearrangement, primary form, primitive art,
procedure, procreate, produce, profile, program, program of action,
project, projection, proposal, propose, prospectus, prototype,
purport, purpose, racket, rationalization, rationalize,
recognition, red herring, reflection, repeated figure, resolution,
resolve, rising action, rondo form, rough, rough copy, rough draft,
rough outline, ruse, sake, schedule, schema, schematism,
schematization, schematize, scheme, scheme of arrangement, scratch,
sculpture, scumble, scurvy trick, secondary plot, set out, set up,
setting, setup, shade, shading, shadow, shape, shift, silhouette,
silver-print drawing, sinopia, skeleton, sketch, sketch out, slant,
sleight, sleight of hand, sleight-of-hand trick, sonata allegro,
sonata form, spawn, stabile, statue, stencil, still life, story,
stratagem, strategic plan, strategy, strike out, striving,
structure, study, style, subject, subplot, subterfuge, switch,
symphonic form, system, systematization, systematize, table,
tactic, tactical plan, tactics, target, technique, the arts,
the big picture, the picture, thematic development, theme, think,
think of, think out, think up, thinking, thought, tint,
toccata form, tone, topic, touch, trace, tracing, treatment, trick,
trickery, twist, undertaking, values, view, vignette, virtu,
visualize, volition, way, wile, will, wily device, work,
work of art, work out, work up, working drawing, working plan

The approach that engineering (and some other)
disciplines use to specify how to create or do something. A
successful design must satisfies a (perhaps informal)
{functional specification} (do what it was designed to do);
conforms to the limitations of the target medium (it is
possible to implement); meets implicit or explicit
requirements on performance and resource usage (it is
efficient enough).

A design may also have to satisfy restrictions on the design
process itself, such as its length or cost, or the tools
available for doing the design.

In the {software life-cycle}, design follows {requirements
analysis} and is followed by implementation.

["Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications", 2nd
ed., Grady Booch].

(1996-12-08)

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