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facultative 音標拼音: [f'ækəlt ,etɪv] facultative adj 1: of or relating to the mental faculties 2: able to exist under more than one set of conditions; " a facultative parasite can exist as a parasite or a saprophyte" [ ant: { obligate}] 3: granting a privilege or permission or power to do or not do something; " a facultative enactment" 4: not compulsory; " facultative courses in the sciences" Facultative \ Fac" ul* ta* tive\, a. [ L. facultas, - atis, faculty: cf. F. facultatif, G. fakultativ.] 1. Having relation to the grant or exercise faculty, or authority, privilege, license, or the like hence, optional; as, facultative enactments, or those which convey a faculty, or permission; the facultative referendum of Switzerland is one that is optional with the people and is necessary only when demanded by petition; facultative studies; -- opposed to { obligatory} and { compulsory}, and sometimes used with to. [ Webster 1913 Suppl.] 2. Of such a character as to admit of existing under various forms or conditions, or of happening or not happening, or the like; specif.: ( Biol.) Having the power to live under different conditions; as, a facultative parasite, a plant which is normally saprophytic, but which may exist wholly or in part as a parasite; -- opposed to { obligate}. [ Webster 1913 Suppl.] 3. ( Physiol.) Pertaining to a faculty or faculties. In short, there is no facultative plurality in the mind; it is a single organ of true judgment for all purposes, cognitive or practical. -- J. Martineau. [ Webster 1913 Suppl.] |
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