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injection 音標拼音: [ɪndʒ'ɛkʃən] n. 注射;注射劑,針劑 注射;注射劑,針劑 injection注入 injection注入 injection n 1: the forceful insertion of a substance under pressure 2: any solution that is injected ( as into the skin) [ synonym: { injection}, { injectant}] 3: the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe; " the nurse gave him a flu shot" [ synonym: { injection}, { shot}] Injection \ In* jec" tion\, n. [ L. injectio : cf. F. injection.] 1. The act of injecting or throwing in; -- applied particularly to the forcible insertion of a liquid or gas, by means of a syringe, pump, etc. [ 1913 Webster] 2. That which is injected; especially, a liquid inserted thrown into a cavity of the body by a syringe or pipe; a clyster; an enema. -- Mayne. [ 1913 Webster] 3. ( Anat.) ( a) The act or process of filling vessels, cavities, or tissues with a fluid or other substance. ( b) A specimen prepared by injection. [ 1913 Webster] 4. ( Steam Eng.) ( a) The act of throwing cold water into a condenser to produce a vacuum. ( b) The cold water thrown into a condenser. [ 1913 Webster] { Injection cock}, or { Injection valve} ( Steam Eng.), the cock or valve through which cold water is admitted into a condenser. { Injection condenser}. See under { Condenser}. { Injection pipe}, the pipe through which cold water is through into the condenser of a steam engine. { fuel injection}, a method of inserting fuel into internal- combustion engines by directly forcing the liquid fuel into the combustion chamber at an appropriate point in the piston cycle; in contrast to { carburetion}, in which an air- fuel mixture is drawn in by the downward stroke of the piston. [ 1913 Webster PJC] 137 Moby Thesaurus words for " injection": Earth insertion, LEM, LM, antitoxin, apogee, aside, attitude- control rocket, bag, ballistic capsule, bang, booster, booster dose, booster shot, brewing, burn, capsule, deck, deep- space ship, docking, docking maneuver, dose, draft, drench, drenching, dropping, drug packet, ducking, dunking, embedment, encroachment, entrance, entrenchment, episode, ferry rocket, fix, fuel ship, graft, grafting, hit, hypodermic, hypodermic injection, imbruement, imbuement, impaction, impactment, impingement, implantation, imposition, impregnation, incursion, infiltration, infix, infixion, influx, infringement, infusion, inoculation, inroad, insert, insertion, insinuation, intercalation, interference, interjection, interlineation, interlocution, interloping, interpolation, interposition, interposure, interruption, intervention, introduction, intromission, intrusion, invasion, irruption, jet injection, leaching, lixiviation, lunar excursion module, lunar module, maceration, mainlining, manned rocket, module, moon ship, multistage rocket, narcotic injection, narcotic shot, obiter dictum, obtrusion, orbit, overdose, parenthesis, parking orbit, penetration, percolation, perfusion, perigee, permeation, popping, portion, potion, pulping, reentry, remark, rocket, saturation, seething, shooting up, shot, shuttle rocket, side remark, skin- popping, soak, soakage, soaking, soft landing, sopping, souse, sousing, space capsule, space docking, space rocket, spacecraft, spaceship, steeping, tessellation, tossing- in, transplant, transplantation, trespass, trespassing, unlawful entry, vaccination, vaccine1. A {function}, f : A -> B, is injective or
one-one, or is an injection, if and only if
for all a,b in A, f(a) = f(b) => a = b.
I.e. no two different inputs give the same output (contrast
many-to-one). This is sometimes called an embedding. Only
injective functions have left inverses f' where f'(f(x)) = x,
since if f were not an injection, there would be elements of B
for which the value of f' was not unique. If an injective
function is also a {surjection} then is it a {bijection}.
2. An injection function is one which takes
objects of type T and returns objects of type C(T) where C is
some {type constructor}. An example is
f x = (x, 0).
The opposite of an injection function is a {projection}
function which extracts a component of a constructed object,
e.g.
fst (x,y) = x.
We say that f injects its argument into the data type and fst
projects it out.
(1995-03-14)
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