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material 音標拼音: [mət'ɪriəl] n. 材料,物資,素材,布料,資料
a. 物質的,肉體的,具體的 材料,物資,素材,布料,資料物質的,肉體的,具體的 material材料;教材;物質;資料 material材料 實質 material adj 1: concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests; " material possessions"; " material wealth"; " material comforts" 2: derived from or composed of matter; " the material universe" [ ant: { immaterial}, { nonmaterial}] 3: directly relevant to a matter especially a law case; " his support made a material difference"; " evidence material to the issue at hand"; " facts likely to influence the judgment are called material facts"; " a material witness" [ ant: { immaterial}] 4: concerned with or affecting physical as distinct from intellectual or psychological well- being; " material needs"; " the moral and material welfare of all good citizens"- T. Roosevelt 5: having material or physical form or substance; " that which is created is of necessity corporeal and visible and tangible" - Benjamin Jowett [ synonym: { corporeal}, { material}] [ ant: { immaterial}, { incorporeal}] 6: having substance or capable of being treated as fact; not imaginary; " the substantial world"; " a mere dream, neither substantial nor practical"; " most ponderous and substantial things"- Shakespeare [ synonym: { substantial}, { real}, { material}] [ ant: { insubstantial}, { unreal}, { unsubstantial}] n 1: the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object; " coal is a hard black material"; " wheat is the stuff they use to make bread" [ synonym: { material}, { stuff}] 2: information ( data or ideas or observations) that can be used or reworked into a finished form; " the archives provided rich material for a definitive biography" 3: artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers; " the fabric in the curtains was light and semitransparent"; " woven cloth originated in Mesopotamia around 5000 BC"; " she measured off enough material for a dress" [ synonym: { fabric}, { cloth}, { material}, { textile}] 4: things needed for doing or making something; " writing materials"; " useful teaching materials" 5: a person judged suitable for admission or employment; " he was university material"; " she was vice- presidential material" Material \ Ma* te" ri* al\, a. [ L. materialis, fr. materia stuff, matter: cf. F. mat[' e] riel. See { Matter}, and cf. { Mat[' e] riel}.] [ 1913 Webster] 1. Consisting of matter; not spiritual; corporeal; physical; as, material substance or bodies. [ 1913 Webster] The material elements of the universe. -- Whewell. [ 1913 Webster] 2. Hence: Pertaining to, or affecting, the physical nature of man, as distinguished from the { mental} or { moral} nature; relating to the bodily wants, interests, and comforts; as, material well- being; material comforts. [ 1913 Webster] 3. Of solid or weighty character; not insubstantial; of consequence; not be dispensed with; important; significant. [ 1913 Webster] Discourse, which was always material, never trifling. -- Evelyn. [ 1913 Webster] I shall, in the account of simple ideas, set down only such as are most material to our present purpose. -- Locke. [ 1913 Webster] 4. ( Logic.) Pertaining to the matter, as opposed to the form, of a thing. See { Matter}. [ 1913 Webster] { Material cause}. See under { Cause}. { Material evidence} ( Law), evidence which conduces to the proof or disproof of a relevant hypothesis. -- Wharton. [ 1913 Webster] Syn: Corporeal; bodily; important; weighty; momentous; essential. [ 1913 Webster]
Material \ Ma* te" ri* al\, v. t. To form from matter; to materialize. [ Obs.] -- Sir T. Browne. [ 1913 Webster]
Material \ Ma* te" ri* al\, n. The substance or matter of which anything is made or may be made. [ 1913 Webster] { Raw material}, any crude, unfinished, or elementary materials that are adapted to use only by processes of skilled labor. Cotton, wool, ore, logs, etc., are raw material. [ 1913 Webster] 384 Moby Thesaurus words for " material": Adamic, Circean, Formica, Masonite, Philistine, a propos, ab ovo, absolute, abundance, accumulation, actual, ad rem, adducible, admissible, air, amassment, animal, animalistic, apparatus, appertaining, applicable, applying, apposite, appreciable, appropriate, apropos, asphalt, atom, atomic particles, atoms, attestative, attestive, authentic, backlog, ballpoint pen, basal, based on, basic, beastlike, beastly, bedrock, being, belonging, bestial, bibliography, big, big- league, big- name, big- time, bigwig, bigwigged, blackboard, blacktop, bodily, body of knowledge, body of learning, brick, brutal, brute, brute matter, brutish, budget, building block, canvas, cardinal, carnal, carnal- minded, carpeting, central, certain, chalk, chemical element, circumstantial, clapboard, cloth, coarse, cobblestone, collection, commissariat, commissary, component, components, conclusive, concrete, consequential, considerable, constituent, constituents, constitutive, convincing, core, cork tile, cornucopia, corporal, corporeal, crayon, cumulation, cumulative, cyclopedia, damning, data, decisive, determinative, distillate, distillation, documentary, documentation, documented, documents, double- barreled, drapery, dump, earth, earthly, earthshaking, earthy, element, elemental, elementary, elementary particle, elementary unit, elements, elixir, encyclopedia, entity, equipment, eraser, essence, essential, etoffe, evidential, evidentiary, ex parte, eye- witness, fabric, facts, factual, fallen, felt, fiber glass, figures, final, fire, firsthand, flag, flagging, flagstone, fleshly, flooring, focal, founded on, fundamental, fundamental particle, gear, germane, gist, goods, grand, great, gross, grounded on, gut, habiliments, heap, hearsay, heart, heavyweight, high- powered, hoard, hyle, hylic, hypostasis, implicit, important, in point, incontrovertible, indicative, indispensable, indisputable, individual, information, ingredient, ink, inkhorn, inkstand, inkwell, inventory, invisible ink, involving, irrefutable, irresistible, kernel, lace, lapsed, larder, lay, lead pencil, life- and- death, life- or- death, linoleum, literature, lore, macadam, machinery, major, marrow, mass, material world, materialistic, materiality, materials, materiate, materiel, matter, meaningful, means, meat, medium, molecule, momentous, monad, mundane, munitions, name, napery, natural world, nature, nib, nonspiritual, notes, nub, nuncupative, object, objective, of the essence, of vital importance, orgiastic, original, outfit, overwhelming, palpable, pantile, paper, papers, paraphernalia, parquet, pavement, pavestone, paving, pen, perceptible, pertaining, pertinent, phenomenal, physical, physical world, pile, pith, plasterboard, plenitude, plenty, plenum, plume, plywood, ponderable, postlapsarian, presumptive, primal, primary, primitive, probative, provisionment, provisions, publications, quill, quintessence, radical, rag, rations, real, reed, relevant, reliable, repertoire, repertory, research, resources, rick, roofage, roofing, roofing paper, sap, secular, self- important, sensible, sensual, serious, shake, sheathing board, sheeting, shingle, siding, significant, silk, slate, solid, somatic, soul, spirit, spun glass, stack, statistics, stencil, stock, stock- in- trade, stockpile, stone, store, store of knowledge, stores, stuff, style, stylograph, stylus, substance, substantial, substantive, substratum, suggestive, sum and substance, superior, supplies, supply on hand, sure, swinish, sympathetic ink, symptomatic, system of knowledge, table, tablet, tackle, tackling, tangible, tar paper, telling, temporal, terrestrial, textile, textile fabric, texture, thatch, the four elements, tile, tilestone, tiling, tissu, tissue, to the point, to the purpose, treasure, treasury, treasury of information, true, underlying, unit of being, unspiritual, valid, veneer, vital, wainscoting, wallboard, walling, wallpaper, water, weatherboard, weave, web, weft, weighty, wood, woof, wool, world- shaking, worldlyMATERIALS. Everything of which anything is made. 2. When materials are furnished to a workman he is bound to use them according to his contract, as a tailor is bound to employ the cloth I furnish him with, to make me a coat that shall fit me, for if he so make it that I cannot wear it, it is not a proper employment of the materials. But if the undertaker use ordinary skill and care, he will not be responsible, although the materials may be injured; as, if a gem be delivered to a jeweler, and it is broken without any unskillfulness, negligence or rashness of the artisan, he will not be liable. Poth. Louage, n. 428. 3. The workman is to use ordinary diligence in the care of the materials entrusted with him, or to exercise that caution which a prudent man takes of his own affairs, and he is also bound to preserve them from any unexpected danger to which they may be exposed. 1 Gow. R. 30; 1 Camp. 138. 4. When there is no special contract between the parties, and the materials perish while in the possession of the workman or undertaker, without his default, either by inevitable casualty, by internal defect, by superior force, by robbery or by any peril not guarded against by ordinary diligence, he is not responsible. This is the case only when the material belongs to the employer and the workman only undertakes to put his work upon it. But a distinction must be observed in the case when the employer has engaged a workman to make him an article out of his own materials, for in that case the employer has no property in it, until the work be completed, and the article be delivered to him; if, in the mean time, the thing perishes, it is the loss of the workman, who is wholly its owner, according to the maxim res perit domino. In the former case the employer is the owner; in the latter the workman; in the first case it is a bailment, in the second a sale of the thing in futuro. Domat. B. 1, t. 4, Sec. 7, n. 3; Id. B. 1, t. 4, Sec. 8, n. 10. 5. Another distinction must be made in the case when the thing given by the employer was to become the property of the workman, and an article was to be made out of similar materials, and before its completion it perished. In this case the title to the thing having passed to the workman, the loss must be his. 1 Blackf. 353; 7 Cowen, 752, 756, note; 21 Wend. 85; 3 Mason, 478; Dig. 19, 2, 31; 1 Bouv. Inst. 1006- 7. 6. In some of the states by their laws persons who furnish materials for the construction of a building, have a lien against such building for the payment of the value of such materials. See Lien of Mechanics.
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