Mandates - Congressional Budget Office According to the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995, federal mandates include requirements imposed on state, local, or tribal governments or on entities in the private sector that are not conditions of aid or tied to participation in voluntary federal programs CBO identifies such mandates in bills that are approved by authorizing committees (and, when requested, for other legislation) and
Laws That Contain Mandates - Congressional Budget Office Laws That Contain Mandates CBO periodically reviews public laws enacted throughout the year for intergovernmental and private-sector mandates Occasionally, CBO will identify mandates that were not reviewed before enactment In some cases, legislation is enacted without being considered by a committee (the stage at which almost all bills are reviewed for mandates); in others, mandates are
CBO Explains Its Principles for Identifying Mandates in Legislation As required by the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), the agency also examines some of the effects of federal legislation on state, local, and tribal governments and on private-sector entities by identifying what that act defines as mandates In general, mandates require a nonfederal entity to take an action or comply with a prohibition
CBO’s Activities Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act CBO reviews hundreds of bills and public laws for intergovernmental and private-sector mandates each year and estimates whether the annual costs of those mandates would exceed thresholds established in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act Data are available for calendar years 2013 through 2019, and new data are added periodically throughout the year
H. R. 580, Unfunded Mandates Accountability and Transparency Act of 2025 Mandates If federal financial regulators increased fees to offset the costs of implementing the bill, H R 580 would increase the cost of an existing mandate on private-sector entities required to pay those assessments
CBO Explains Its Principles for Identifying Mandates in Legislation In general, mandates require a nonfederal entity to take an action or comply with a prohibition The federal minimum wage is an example of such a mandate on public and private-sector employers, who are required by federal law to pay a minimum hourly amount to certain employees
Congressional Budget Office March 1, 2024 Cost Estimate The bill would impose intergovernmental and private-sector mandates, but CBO estimates that the costs to comply with those mandates would not exceed the thresholds established in UMRA ($100 million and $200 million in 2024, respectively, adjusted annually for inflation)
S. 331, HALT Fentanyl Act - Congressional Budget Office By making permanent the temporary classification of FRS, S 331 would impose an intergovernmental and private-sector mandate, as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) by extending the expiration date of an existing mandate
Congressional Budget Office December Summary Estimates of Legislation . . . The Congressional Budget Act of 1974 requires the Congressional Budget Office, to the extent practicable, to prepare estimates of the budgetary effects of legislation ordered reported by Congressional authorizing committees In order to provide the Congress with as much information as possible, the attached table summarizes information about the estimated direct spending and revenue effects of
State and Local Governments - Congressional Budget Office The federal government provides financial support for state and local governments, imposes restrictions on the activities of those governments, and offers incentives for those governments to undertake or not undertake certain activities CBO examines those policies and assesses the costs of any mandates that would be imposed by legislation reported by Congressional committees