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- The important role of chloroplasts in plant immunity - Cell Press
Therefore, in this review, we focus on the chloroplast and summarize its role in regulating the activation of immune events, including calcium (Ca 2+) influx, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, phytohormone biosynthesis, and the expression of defense-related genes
- Chloroplast Functionality at the Interface of Growth, Defense, and . . .
Chloroplasts are important in plant growth, development, and defense mechanisms, making them central to addressing global agricultural challenges The multi-faceted role of chloroplasts in plants, including chlorophyll synthesis, through enzymatic pathways critical for photosynthesis; photosynthetic energy production, via light-dependent
- Chloroplast immunity illuminated - Littlejohn - 2021 - New Phytologist
We aim to leave readers with two key messages, the first being that chloroplast-derived reactive oxygen species (cROS) play a pivotal role in establishing effective plant immunity and, secondly, that pathogen effectors directly and indirectly target chloroplast processes to suppress immunity
- Chloroplasts at work during plant innate immunity | Journal of . . .
The chloroplast plays a central role during plant immunity PAMP perception leads to reduced PSII activity and subsequent reduction in NPQ The chloroplast-localized protein CAS is involved in stromal Ca 2+ transients, which have been proposed to be linked to NPQ and to a ROS burst
- The important role of chloroplasts in plant immunity - Cell Press
5 109 110 Ca2+ signaling in the chloroplast 111 In plants, Ca2+ is an essential nutrient element for metabolism and plays an important role 112 in maintaining the homeostasis of the internal environment and serving as a second 113 messenger to transmit signals Under normal conditions, 2+a high proportion of total Ca is 114 often located in the extracellular space, cell wall, and apoplast Ca2
- Chloroplasts Unveiled as Key Players in Plant Immunity
Scientists have long known that chloroplasts help plants turn the sun’s energy into food, but a new study, led by plant biologists at the University of California, Davis, shows that they are also essential for plant immunity to viral and bacterial pathogens
- Chloroplast immunity illuminated - PubMed
We address phytohormone modulation of immunity and surmise how chloroplast-derived reactive oxygen species underpin chloroplast immunity through indirect evidence inferred from genetic modification of core chloroplast components and direct pathogen targeting of the chloroplast
- Chloroplasts and Plant Immunity: Where Are the Fungal Effectors?
Chloroplasts play a central role in plant immunity through the synthesis of secondary metabolites and defense compounds, as well as phytohormones, such as jasmonic acid and salicylic acid Additionally, chloroplast metabolism results in the
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