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- What is the difference between ICAO, JAA, FAA, EASA, and CAA?
With the creation of EASA (see below) in 2002, the EU members transferred the airworthiness regulations away from the JAA Over time, EASA became responsible for operations and licensing as well In 2009 the JAA system was disbanded Only the training organisation (JAA-TO) remains, it mainly provides courses for CAA staff of European countries
- Is military grade jet fuel more expensive than civilian grade?
JAA is "Jet A with Additives" It's Jet A (which is slightly less expensive than Jet A1, but available primarily in the US) with some additives added to improve lubrication, reduce corrosion, icing, etc
- What are the requirements to convert an FAA certificate to EASA JAA?
If a pilot holding a US certificate wanted to convert it to an equivalent EASA (JAA?) certificate, what training, flight experience, and exams are necessary to obtain equivalency? Does the process differ for private, instrument, commercial, ATP, and instructor ratings?
- When is a runway considered to be wet or slippery for 135 or 121 . . .
JAA says that a runway is contaminated "when more than 25 percent of the runway surface are (whether in isolated areas or not) within the required length and width being used is covered by the following: "Surface water more than 3 0 mm [millimeters] (0125 in [inch]) deep, or by slush or loose snow, equivalent to more than 3 0 mm (0 125 in) of
- How long is the EASA ATPL theory exam valid?
FCL 025 is very clear on that and it says: (2) The completion of the airline transport pilot licence (ATPL) theoretical knowledge examinations will remain valid for the issue of an ATPL for a period of 7 years from the last validity date of: (i) an IR entered in the licence; or (ii) in the case of helicopters, a helicopter’s type rating entered in that licence
- When are winds given with respect to true vs. magnetic north?
The general rule is: If you read it, it's true If you hear it, it's magnetic All charts and textual sources (METAR, TAF, winds aloft, surface analysis charts, etc) use true north as the reference
- aerodynamics - Why the gradient of $C_L$-$\alpha$ graph increases with . . .
From the JAA ATPL Book 13 (Principles of flight) the gradient $\frac{dC_L}{d\alpha}
- Can I use a LAPL PPL issued by the UK CAA to fly outside Europe?
The LAPL requires an in-date EASA Part-Med Medical Certificate, at LAPL level, but Class One or Class Two certificates can also be used A valid JAA Class One or Two medical certificate is also acceptable But you cannot use your LAPL with an NPPL medical declaration The SEP(land) or TMG endorsement on this type of licence is not issued as a
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