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- Kulak - Wikipedia
Kulaks referred to former peasants in the Russian Empire who became landowners and credit-loaners after the abolition of serfdom in 1861 and during the Stolypin reform of 1906 to 1914, which aimed to reduce radicalism amongst the peasantry and produce profit-minded, politically conservative farmers
- Kulak | Tsarist Russia, Peasant Uprisings, Land Reforms | Britannica
kulak, (Russian: “fist”), in Russian and Soviet history, a wealthy or prosperous peasant, generally characterized as one who owned a relatively large farm and several head of cattle and horses and who was financially capable of employing hired labour and leasing land
- The Liquidation of the Kulaks, 1930-1932 | Russias Necropolis of . . .
At the November 1929 meeting of its Central Committee, the Communist Party decided to press ahead with the forced collectivisation of agriculture A key tactic was to disarm and eliminate the successful, wealthy peasant stratum loosely described as “kulaks”
- Liquidate the Kulaks: A Simple Look at a Dark Soviet Past - CGAA
The Soviet Union's brutal treatment of the kulaks, a class of wealthy peasants, is a dark chapter in history The kulaks were a significant portion of the Soviet population The Soviet government, led by Joseph Stalin, saw the kulaks as a threat to their power and decided to take drastic action
- Kulaks - Encyclopedia. com
Kulak, in Russian, means a "fist " When used for rich peasants, it alludes to their alleged fist-like hold on their poorer brethren Vladimir Lenin saw the kulak as a "village bourgeoisie" that would be crushed by a socialist revolution
- Kulak - Encyclopedia of Ukraine
Although Soviet policies had deprived them of their economic status, the ‘kulaks’ continued to be regarded as class enemies by the authorities and were not allowed to vote in elections to the rural soviets, to hold governing positions in co-operatives, or to receive bank loans or tax reductions
- Liquidation of the Kulaks as a Class | Seventeen Moments in Soviet History
Peasants who resisted the pressure of regional party officials to enroll in collective farms were labeled as kulaks; those who feared confiscation sold off their property as quickly as they could, in effect self-dekulakizing
- Military History and Science | Research Starters - EBSCO
After the Russian Revolution in 1917, kulaks became synonymous with the most affluent members of the peasant class, often opposing the collectivization efforts initiated by the Soviet leadership under Joseph Stalin in the 1920s
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