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- Impact of Volumetric Energy Densities on the Mechanical . . .
Higher VED results in the development of a multicomponent cubic texture in the SLM 310 samples, while lower VED causes a weaker structure due to faster cooling rates, which leads to finer grains oriented randomly
- Formation and Evolution of Surface Morphology in Overhang . . .
When the VED is 80–100 J mm3, the high down-skin surface roughness is attributed to the serious dross caused by recoil pressure and sinking of the melt pool Using insufficient VED (15–50 J mm3) can easily lead to poor metallurgical bonding and material spalling on the down-skin surface
- Review on volumetric energy density: influence on morphology . . .
High VED can also reduce porosity and defect formation, which will help in increasing part density The lowest surface roughness reported for LPBF Ti6Al4V is 4 91 µm Meanwhile, the maximum
- Exploring the role of volume energy density in altering . . .
Higher VED can increase the thermal gradient and cooling rate, resulting in greater lattice strain due to constrained thermal expansion and phase transformation stresses 28,32
- On the limitations of Volumetric Energy Density as a design . . .
Volumetric Energy Density (VED) affects track shape, values lower than 100 J mm 3 are insufficient to fully melt the alloy Surprisingly, under some conditions, tracks deposited with sufficiently high VED values still had an undesirable morphology
- Study of volumetric energy density limitations on the IN718 . . .
At lower VED (47 3 J mm 3) a multiparametric optimization increased the LPBF operable optimal window The results of binding-fault porosity demonstrated that the weight of every exposure parameter does not match the standard VED mathematical definition
- Magnetic modulation of keyhole instability during laser . . .
Keyhole instability during laser welding and laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) can cause keyhole collapse and pore formation Using high-speed x-ray imaging, we demonstrate that the flow vortex–induced protrusion on the rear keyhole wall is crucial in initiating keyhole instability
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