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- Punkah - Wikipedia
Punkahs in the house of a British couple in India c 1880 A punkah in the house of French colonials in Indochina c 1930 Church interior with an intricate system of punkahs c 1900 A punkah, also pankha (Urdu: پَنکھا, Hindi: पंखा, paṅkhā), is a type of fan used since the early 6th century BC The word pankha originated from pankh, the wings of a bird which produce a current of
- Punkah: The Hand Operated Ceiling Fans of Colonial India
Three punkah-wallahs on a verandah pulling punkha strings, circa1900 Photo credit: Royal Society for Asian Affairs, London Bridgeman Images The elaborate punkah arrangements in the Kanpur Memorial Church, circa 1880 Photo credit: www columbia edu "A little accident happens to the Punka," from Harper's, 1875 Photo credit: www columbia edu
- The punkah and its pullers: A short history | Servants Pasts
Between colonial sleep and Indian labour, the history of punkah wallahs is buried Ritam Sengupta brings to light the long history of labour, law, and violence that this labouring group underwent i…
- The Punka Project – A research repository for the history of punkahs . . .
The Punkah Project is a research repository for the history of punkahs, ceiling-mounted dining room fans manipulated by enslaved workers in the antebellum United States The punkah was used by elite planters to display their wealth and refinement, while those consigned to labor at the fans using their proximity to elite whites to glean information about the plantation world and beyond Part
- PUNKA Definition Meaning | Dictionary. com
Punka, Punkah, pung′ka, n a large fan for cooling the air of an Indian house, consisting of a light framework covered with cloth and suspended from the ceiling of a room, worked by pulling a cord or by machinery
- Punka - definition of punka by The Free Dictionary
Define punka punka synonyms, punka pronunciation, punka translation, English dictionary definition of punka or pun·kah n A fan used especially in India, made of a palm frond or strip of cloth hung from the ceiling and moved by a servant
- Punkah - MAP Academy
An anaemic Indian coolie trying to sleep and at the same time cool his British rulers by working a punka; Ellsworth Huntington; 1928; Wellcome Collection, London
- PUNKA definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Definition of 'punka' punka in British English or punkah (ˈpʌŋkə ) noun (in India)
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