UpToDate An overview of the initial pharmacologic management of stable COPD
Treatment of hypertension in asthma and COPD - UpToDate The management of hypertension in a patient with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common problem owing to the high prevalence of each condition in the adult population Indications for treatment of hypertension and use of nonpharmacologic approaches are similar in patients with or without either of these conditions
Medline ® Abstract for Reference 98 of Stable COPD: Initial . . . When two classes of medications are required, a LAMA plus an ICS (LABA+ICS) were previously recommended within a single inhaler as the first-line treatment for managing stable COPD in people in high-risk categories However, updated international guidance recommends a LAMA plus a LABA (LAMA+LABA)
COPD exacerbations: Management - UpToDate The management of patients with exacerbations of COPD is discussed here A table to assist with emergency management of severe acute exacerbations of COPD is provided ( table 1 ) The diagnosis and treatment of infection in exacerbations and the management of stable COPD are discussed separately
UpToDate First-line combination therapy — Administering two drugs as initial therapy should be considered when the blood pressure is more than 20 10 mmHg above goal, as recommended by the ESH ESC and ACC AHA panels (algorithm 1)
Acute simple cystitis in adult females - UpToDate First-line antimicrobial options; Alternative antimicrobial options - Patients with MDR risk factors; Directed antimicrobial selection It is not intended to be medical advice or a substitute for the medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment of a health care provider based on the health care provider's examination and assessment of a patient's
Lung volume reduction surgery in COPD - UpToDate Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS, also called reduction pneumoplasty or bilateral pneumectomy) is a surgical technique that may be beneficial for some patients with advanced emphysema who have poor control of their disease despite maximal medical therapy
UpToDate The definition, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluation, and staging of COPD are discussed here The risk factors, natural history, prognosis, and treatment of COPD are discussed separately (See "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Risk factors and risk reduction" )
Malnutrition in COPD and other advanced lung disease The pathophysiology and treatment of malnutrition in patients with advanced lung disease is reviewed here The management of stable COPD, the assessment of nutritional status, and nutritional support in critical illness are discussed separately