excommunication 音標拼音: [
, ɛkskəmj
, unək'eʃən]
n . 逐出教會
逐出教會
excommunication n 1 :
the state of being excommunicated [
synonym : {
excommunication },
{
exclusion }, {
censure }]
2 :
the act of banishing a member of a church from the communion of believers and the privileges of the church ;
cutting a person off from a religious society [
synonym : {
excommunication },
{
excision }]
Excommunication \
Ex `
com *
mu `
ni *
ca "
tion \,
n . [
L .
excommunicatio :
cf .
F .
excommunication .]
The act of communicating or ejecting ;
esp .,
an ecclesiastical censure whereby the person against whom it is pronounced is ,
for the time ,
cast out of the communication of the church ;
exclusion from fellowship in things spiritual .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
excommunication is of two kinds ,
the lesser and the greater ;
the lesser excommunication is a separation or suspension from partaking of the Eucharist ;
the greater is an absolute execution of the offender from the church and all its rights and advantages ,
even from social intercourse with the faithful .
[
1913 Webster ]
EXCOMMUNICATION ,
eccl .
law .
An ecclesiastical sentence ,
pronounced by a spiritual judge against a Christian man ,
by which he is excluded from the body of the church ,
and disabled to bring any action ,
or sue any person in the common law courts .
Bac .
Ab .
h .
t .;
Co .
Litt .
133 -
4 .
In early times it was the most frequent and most severe method of executing ecclesiastical censure ,
although proper to be used ,
said Justinian , (
Nov .
123 ,)
only upon grave occasions .
The effect of it was to remove the excommunicated "
person not only from the sacred rites but from the society of men .
In a certain sense it interdicted the use of fire and water ,
like the punishment spoken of by Caesar , (
lib ,
6 de Bell .
Gall .).
as inflicted by the Druids .
Innocent IV .
called it the nerve of ecclesiastical discipline .
On repentance ,
the excommunicated person was absolved and received again to communion .
These are said to be the powers of binding and loosing the keys of the kingdom of heaven .
This kind of punishment seems to have been adopted from the Roman usage of interdicting the use of fire and water .
Fr .
Duaren ,
De Sacris Eccles .
Ministeriis ,
lib .
1 ,
cap .
3 .
See Ridley '
s View of the Civil .
and Ecclesiastical Law ,
245 ,
246 ,
249 .
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