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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Schoolman \School"man`\, n.; pl. {Schoolmen}.
One versed in the niceties of academical disputation or of
school divinity.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The schoolmen were philosophers and divines of the
Middle Ages, esp. from the 11th century to the
Reformation, who spent much time on points of nice and
abstract speculation. They were so called because they
taught in the mediaeval universities and schools of
divinity.
[1913 Webster]