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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Surgeon \Sur"geon\, n. [OE. surgien, OF. surgien, contr. fr.
chirurgien. See {Chirurgeon}.]
1. One whose profession or occupation is to cure diseases or
injuries of the body by manual operation; one whose
occupation is to cure local injuries or disorders (such as
wounds, dislocations, tumors, etc.), whether by manual
operation, or by medication and constitutional treatment.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of chaetodont fishes
of the family {Teuthidae}, or {Acanthuridae}, which have
one or two sharp lancelike spines on each side of the base
of the tail. Called also {surgeon fish}, {doctor fish},
{lancet fish}, and {sea surgeon}.
[1913 Webster]

{Surgeon apothecary}, one who unites the practice of surgery
with that of the apothecary. --Dunglison.

{Surgeon dentist}, a dental surgeon; a dentist.

{Surgeon fish}. See def. 2, above.

{Surgeon general}.
(a) In the United States army, the chief of the medical
department.
(b) In the British army, a surgeon ranking next below the
chief of the medical department.
[1913 Webster]