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codon    
密碼子; 碼字

密碼子; 碼字

codon
n 1: a specific sequence of three adjacent nucleotides on a
strand of DNA or RNA that specifies the genetic code
information for synthesizing a particular amino acid

Codon \Co"don\ (k[=o]"d[o^]n), n. (Molecular biology)
a sequence of three nucleotides in a genome or a DNA or
messenger RNA molecule, which specifies the incorporation of
one amino acid or is a stop signal, during the biosynthesis
of proteins. Codons occur within the protein-coding segments
of the DNA or RNA genome of living organisms. The amino acid
sequence of proteins synthesized on ribosomes is thus
determined by the sequence of the nucleotides in the genome.
[PJC]

Note: Outside of coding regions, there is no direct
correspondence of the nucleotide sequence with protein
sequence, and certain signalling functions of nucleic
acids are not specified by three-nucleotide codons.
Certain types of polypeptide synthesized in living
organisms are not synthesized on ribosomes, and the
sequences of these polypeptides do not have a
corresponding nucleotide sequence in the genome.
[PJC]

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英文字典中文字典相關資料:
  • Codon - National Human Genome Research Institute
    A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genomic information encoding a particular amino acid or signaling the termination of protein synthesis (stop signals)
  • DNA and RNA codon tables - Wikipedia
    ^ Each stop codon has a specific name: UAG is amber, UGA is opal and UAA is ochre,[7] (sometimes for UGA, umber is used instead of opal) [8] In DNA, these stop codons are TAG, TGA, and TAA, respectively
  • Codon Chart: Table, Amino Acids RNA Wheel Explained
    The genetic code is read in sets of three nucleotides, and this sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides is known as a codon Each codon specifies a particular amino acid or acts as a signal to start or stop protein synthesis
  • Codon | Definition, Function, Examples | Britannica
    codon, in genetics, any of 64 different sequences of three adjacent nucleotides in DNA that either encodes information for the production of a specific amino acid or serves as a stop signal to terminate translation (protein synthesis)
  • What Is a Codon? Definition, Function, and Examples
    A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides (the individual “letters” of DNA or RNA) that represents one specific instruction during protein building Each codon either tells the cell to add a particular amino acid to a growing protein or signals that the protein is complete
  • What Is a Codon in DNA and How Does It Build Proteins?
    A codon is a sequence of three consecutive nucleotide bases that specifies a single amino acid or serves as a regulatory signal DNA and RNA are built from four distinct bases: Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, and Cytosine (A, U, G, C)
  • codon | World Library of Science - Nature
    A codon is a sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides that corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis DNA and RNA molecules are written in a language of four
  • What is a Codon? Definition, Types, and How Codons Specify Amino Acids
    A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides (DNA or RNA bases) that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis
  • The genetic code codon table (article) | Khan Academy
    Codons in an mRNA are read during translation, beginning with a start codon and continuing until a stop codon is reached mRNA codons are read from 5' to 3' , and they specify the order of amino acids in a protein from N-terminus (methionine) to C-terminus





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