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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Lithography \Li*thog"ra*phy\, n. [Cf. F. lithographie.]
1. The art or process of putting designs or writing, with a
greasy material, on stone, and of producing printed
impressions therefrom. The process depends, in the main,
upon the antipathy between grease and water, which
prevents a printing ink containing oil from adhering to
wetted parts of the stone not covered by the design. See
{Lithographic limestone}, under {Lithographic}.
[1913 Webster]

2. a printing process for reproducing images, using any flat
surface, such as a metal plate, in a manner similar to
{lithography[1]}.
[PJC]

3. The process of producing patterns on semiconductor
crystals by exposing photosensitive coatings on a matrix,
such as silicon, to light patterns in the form desired for
the circuit, and subsequently treating (e.g., chemically)
the patterns thus formed in such a way as to create
integrated semiconductor circuits with the desired
properties. This is the principle method (1990's) to
create the high-density integrated circuits used in the
digital computers on which you are reading this.
[PJC] Lithoid