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troff    
/T'rof/ or /trof/ The grey eminence of {Unix}
text processing; a formatting and phototypesetting program,
written originally in {PDP-11} {assembly code} and then in
barely-structured early {C} by the late Joseph Ossanna,
modelled after the earlier {ROFF} which was in turn modelled
after {Multics}' {RUNOFF} by Jerome Saltzer (*that* name came
from the expression "to run off a copy"). A companion
program, {nroff}, formats output for terminals and line
printers.

In 1979, Brian Kernighan modified troff so that it could drive
phototypesetters other than the Graphic Systems CAT. His
paper describing that work ("A Typesetter-independent troff",
AT&T CSTR #97) explains troff's durability. After discussing
the program's "obvious deficiencies - a rebarbative input
syntax, mysterious and undocumented properties in some areas,
and a voracious appetite for computer resources" and noting
the ugliness and extreme hairiness of the code and internals,
Kernighan concludes:

None of these remarks should be taken as denigrating
Ossanna's accomplishment with TROFF. It has proven a
remarkably robust tool, taking unbelievable abuse from a
variety of preprocessors and being forced into uses that
were never conceived of in the original design, all with
considerable grace under fire.

The success of {TeX} and desktop publishing systems have
reduced troff's relative importance, but this tribute
perfectly captures the strengths that secured troff a place in
hacker folklore; indeed, it could be taken more generally as
an indication of those qualities of good programs that, in the
long run, hackers most admire.

{groff} is {GNU}'s implementation of {roff} in {C}.

[{Jargon File}]

(1995-03-21)

Typesetter New Run-OFF (Unix)

troff: /T´rof/, /trof/, n. [Unix] The gray eminence of Unix text processing; a formatting and
phototypesetting program, written originally in PDP-11 assembler and then
in barely-structured early C by the late Joseph Ossanna, modeled after the
earlier ROFF which was in turn modeled after the
Multics and CTSS program
RUNOFF by Jerome Saltzer (that name came from the
expressionto run off a copy”). A companion program,
nroff, formats output for terminals and line
printers.In 1979, Brian Kernighan modified troff so that it could drive
phototypesetters other than the Graphic Systems CAT. His paper describing
that work (“A Typesetter-independent troff,” AT&T CSTR
#97) explains troff's durability. After discussing the program's
obvious deficienciesa rebarbative input syntax, mysterious
and undocumented properties in some areas, and a voracious appetite for
computer resourcesand noting the ugliness and extreme hairiness of
the code and internals, Kernighan concludes:The success of TeX and desktop publishing
systems have reduced troff's relative
importance, but this tribute perfectly captures the strengths that secured
troff a place in hacker folklore; indeed,
it could be taken more generally as an indication of those qualities of
good programs that, in the long run, hackers most admire.

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英文字典中文字典相關資料:
  • troff Command - IBM
    The troff command reads one or more files and formats the text for printing on a phototypesetter or comparable device A postprocessor is then required to post process the output of the troff command to the target device
  • Is troff groff relevant anymore? - Unix Linux Stack Exchange
    I've heard that troff groff have largely been replaced by TeX Is this true? The only thing that I know actually used troff nowadays is manpages Is this also true? If not, what are some other uses?
  • troff File Format - IBM
    The device-independent troff file format outputs a pure ASCII description of a typeset document The description specifies the typesetting device, the fonts, and the point sizes of characters to be used, as well as the position of each character on the page
  • troff 파일 형식 - IBM
    설명 장치 독립 troff 파일 형식은 typeset 문서의 순수 ASCII 설명을 출력합니다 설명은 페이지에서 각 문자의 위치뿐만 아니라 사용할 문자의 글자체 장치, 글꼴 및 포인트 크기를 지정합니다 모든 올바른 명령 목록은 다음과 같습니다
  • troff 命令 - IBM
    描述 troff 命令读取一个或多个文件并将文本格式化,以便在照排机或者其他兼容的设备上显示。 然后,需要使用后处理器来对 troff 命令到目标设备的输出进行后处理。 请参阅随附的 示例。
  • nroff 或 troff 输入文件格式 - IBM
    控制行以控制字符开头,后跟一个或两个字符的名称,该名称指定基本请求或用户定义的宏。 缺省控制字符为。 (点) 或 ' (撇号)。 ' (撇号) 控制字符禁止 恩罗夫 或 特罗夫 命令中断功能,该功能是由某些请求引起的。 此中断函数强制输出部分填充的行。 要将控制字符与请求或宏分隔开,请使用
  • Difference between groff and gtroff - Unix Linux Stack Exchange
    GNU 'troff' (or 'groff') is a system for typesetting documents Again: In this document, we consequently say 'gtroff' when talking about the GNU 'troff' program One more: 'groff' normally runs the 'gtroff' program and a postprocessor appropriate for the selected device So what is "gtroff" and what is the difference between "gtroff" and "groff"?
  • comando de troff - IBM
    Descrição O comando troff lê um ou mais arquivos e formata o texto para impressão em um fototypesetter ou dispositivo comparável Um postprocessador é então necessário para postar o processo de saída do comando troff para o dispositivo de destino Veja o exemplo de acompanhamento
  • troff コマンド - IBM
    troff コマンドで事前定義した名前と d 、 m 、 y 数値レジスターを除き、このような内部名の形式はすべて SymbolAlpha となります。 Symbol は ) 、] 、} のいずれかで、 Alpha は任意の英数字です。 man マクロ・パッケージは Roman フォントだけを使用します。
  • troff 명령 - IBM
    설명 troff 명령은 하나 이상의 파일을 읽고 사진 식자기나 호환 가능한 장치에서 인쇄할 수 있도록 텍스트를 형식화합니다 그런 다음 포스트 프로세서가 troff 명령의 출력을 목표 장치로 사후 처리해야 합니다 함께 제공되는 예제 를 참조하십시오





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