confounding 音標拼音: [kənf'ɑʊndɪŋ]
混淆
混淆
confounding adj 1 :
that confounds or contradicts or confuses [
synonym :
{
confounding }, {
contradictory }]
Confound \
Con *
found "\ (
k [
o ^]
n *
found "),
v .
t . [
imp . &
p .
p .
{
Confounded };
p .
pr . &
vb .
n . {
Confounding }.] [
F .
confondre ,
fr .
L .
confundere , -
fusum ,
to pour together ;
con -
fundere to pour .
See {
Fuse }
to melt ,
and cf . {
Confuse }.]
1 .
To mingle and blend ,
so that different elements can not be distinguished ;
to confuse .
[
1913 Webster ]
They who strip not ideas from the marks men use for them ,
but confound them with words ,
must have endless dispute . --
Locke .
[
1913 Webster ]
Let us go down ,
and there confound their language .
--
Gen .
xi .
7 .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
To mistake for another ;
to identify falsely .
[
1913 Webster ]
They [
the tinkers ]
were generally vagrants and pilferers ,
and were often confounded with the gypsies . --
Macaulay .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
To throw into confusion or disorder ;
to perplex ;
to strike with amazement ;
to dismay .
[
1913 Webster ]
The gods confound ...
The Athenians both within and out that wall . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
They trusted in thee and were not confounded . --
Ps .
xxii .
5 .
[
1913 Webster ]
So spake the Son of God ,
and Satan stood A while as mute ,
confounded what to say . --
Milton .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
To destroy ;
to ruin ;
to waste . [
Obs .]
[
1913 Webster ]
One man '
s lust these many lives confounds . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
How couldst thou in a mile confound an hour ? --
Shak .
Syn :
To abash ;
confuse ;
baffle ;
dismay ;
astonish ;
defeat ;
terrify ;
mix ;
blend ;
intermingle .
See {
Abash }.
[
1913 Webster ]
confounding \
confounding \
adj .
tending to contradict (
a hypothesis ).
Syn :
contradictory .
[
WordNet 1 .
5 ]
confounding \
confounding \
n .
a mistake that results from taking one thing to be another .
Syn :
confusion ,
mix -
up .
[
WordNet 1 .
5 ]
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Confounding - Wikipedia In causal inference, confounding is a form of systematic error (or bias) that can distort estimates of causal effects in observational studies
CONFOUND Definition Meaning - Merriam-Webster The meaning of CONFOUND is to throw (a person) into confusion or perplexity How to use confound in a sentence Synonym Discussion of Confound
CONFOUNDING Definition Meaning | Dictionary. com CONFOUNDING definition: perplexing or bewildering See examples of confounding used in a sentence
What is a Confounding Variable? (Definition Example) - Statology This tutorial provides an explanation of confounding variables, including a formal definition and several examples
What Is Confounding in Statistics and Why Does It Matter? Confounding is what happens when a hidden third variable distorts the apparent relationship between two things you’re studying It makes it look like one thing causes another when, in reality, something lurking in the background is driving both
CONFOUNDING | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary CONFOUNDING definition: 1 present participle of confound 2 to confuse and very much surprise someone, so that they are… Learn more
Confounding Variables | Definition, Examples Controls In a cause-and-effect study, a confounding variable is an unmeasured variable that influences both the supposed cause and effect
Confounding: What it is and how to deal with it - ScienceDirect This paper will explain the concept of confounding as well as the ways in which confounding can be addressed, including randomization, restriction, matching, and stratification
Confounding Variables in Psychology: Definition Examples When an extraneous variable has not been properly controlled and interferes with the dependent variable (i e , results), it is called a confounding variable
Confounding – Foundations of Epidemiology - Open Educational Resources During confounding analyses, this value is referred to as the crude or unadjusted measure of association—meaning that we have not yet accounted, adjusted, or controlled for any confounders