Landslides - World Health Organization (WHO) Between 1998-2017, landslides affected an estimated 4 8 million people and cause more than 18 000 deaths Climate change and rising temperatures are expected to trigger more landslides, especially in mountainous areas with snow and ice As permafrost melts, rocky slopes can become more unstable resulting in a landslide
Tsunamis - World Health Organization (WHO) Tsunamis are giant waves that are produced when a large volume of water is displaced in an ocean or large lake by an earthquake, volcanic eruption, underwater landslide or meteorite Between 1998-2017, tsunamis caused more than 250 000 deaths [KC1] globally, including more than 227 000 deaths due to the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004
Floods - World Health Organization (WHO) The magnitude of the physical and human costs from floods can be reduced if adequate emergency prevention, preparedness, response and recovery measures are implemented in a sustainable and timely manner
Earthquakes - World Health Organization (WHO) Health threats due to earthquakes can vary according the magnitude of the earthquake, the nature of the built environment (such as poor housing or urban slums), and the secondary effects of the earthquake, like tsunamis or landslides
Drought - World Health Organization (WHO) Drought is a prolonged dry period in the natural climate cycle that can occur anywhere in the world It is a slow-onset disaster characterized by the lack of precipitation, resulting in a water shortage
Wildfires - World Health Organization (WHO) Wildfires that burn near populated areas can have significant impact on the environment, property, livestock and human mortality and morbidity depending on the size, speed and proximity to the fire, and whether the population has advanced warning to evacuate
Emergency response framework (ERF), Edition 2. 1 The ERF provides WHO staff with essential guidance on how the Organization manages the assessment, grading and response to public health events and emergencies with health consequences, in support of Member States and affected communities