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orthogonal a. 直角的,直交的 直角的,直交的 orthogonal正交的; 垂直的 orthogonal正交 orthogonal adj 1: not pertinent to the matter under consideration; " an issue extraneous to the debate"; " the price was immaterial"; " mentioned several impertinent facts before finally coming to the point" [ synonym: { extraneous}, { immaterial}, { impertinent}, { orthogonal}] 2: statistically unrelated 3: having a set of mutually perpendicular axes; meeting at right angles; " wind and sea may displace the ship' s center of gravity along three orthogonal axes"; " a rectangular Cartesian coordinate system" [ synonym: { orthogonal}, { rectangular}] Orthogonal \ Or* thog" o* nal\, a. [ Cf. F. orthogonal.] Right- angled; rectangular; as, an orthogonal intersection of one curve with another. [ 1913 Webster] { Orthogonal projection}. See under { Orthographic}. [ 1913 Webster] 35 Moby Thesaurus words for " orthogonal": cube- shaped, cubed, cubic, cubiform, cuboid, diced, foursquare, normal, oblong, orthodiagonal, orthometric, perpendicular, plumb, plunging, precipitous, quadrangular, quadrate, quadriform, quadrilateral, rectangular, rhombic, rhomboid, right- angle, right- angled, right- angular, sheer, square, steep, straight- up, straight- up- and- down, tetragonal, tetrahedral, trapezohedral, trapezoid, up- and- down At 90 degrees (right angles).
N mutually orthogonal {vectors} {span} an N-dimensional
{vector space}, meaning that, any vector in the space can be
expressed as a {linear combination} of the vectors. This is
true of any set of N {linearly independent} vectors.
The term is used loosely to mean mutually independent or well
separated. It is used to describe sets of primitives or
capabilities that, like linearly independent vectors in
geometry, span the entire "capability space" and are in some
sense non-overlapping or mutually independent. For example,
in logic, the set of operators "not" and "or" is described as
orthogonal, but the set "nand", "or", and "not" is not
(because any one of these can be expressed in terms of the
others).
Also used loosely to mean "irrelevant to", e.g. "This may be
orthogonal to the discussion, but ...", similar to "going off
at a tangent".
See also {orthogonal instruction set}.
[{Jargon File}]
(2002-12-02)
orthogonal: adj. [ from mathematics] Mutually independent; well separated; sometimes, irrelevant to. Used in a generalization of its mathematical meaning to describe sets of primitives or capabilities that, like a vector basis in geometry, span the entire ‘ capability space’ of the system and are in some sense non- overlapping or mutually independent. For example, in architectures such as the PDP- 11 or VAX where all or nearly all registers can be used interchangeably in any role with respect to any instruction, the register set is said to be orthogonal. Or, in logic, the set of operators not and or is orthogonal, but the set nand, or, and not is not ( because any one of these can be expressed in terms of the others). Also used in comments on human discourse: “ This may be orthogonal to the discussion, but....”
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