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Bouvier's Law Dictionary, Revised 6th Edition (1856)

PROVISO. The name of a clause inserted in an act of the legislature, a deed,
a written agreement, or other instrument, which generally contains a
condition that a certain thing shall or shall not be done, in order that an
agreement contained in another clause shall take effect.
2. It always implies a condition, unless subsequent words change it to
a covenant; but when a proviso contains the mutual words of the parties to a
deed, it amounts to a covenant. 2 Co. 72; Cro. Eliz. 242; Moore, 707 Com. on
Cov. 105; Lilly's Reg. h.t.; 1 Lev. 155.
3. A proviso differs from an exception. 1 Barn. k Ald. 99. An exception
exempts, absolutely, from the operation of an engagement or an enactment; a
proviso defeats their operation, conditionally. An exception takes out of an
engagement or enactment, something which would otherwise be part of the
subject-matter of it; a proviso avoids them by way of defeasance or excuse.
8 Amer. Jurist, 242; Plowd. 361; Carter 99; 1 Saund. 234 a, note; Lilly's
Reg. h.t.; and the cases there cited. Vide, generally Amer. Jurist, No. 16,
art. 1; Bac. Ab. Conditions, A; Com. Dig. Condition, A 1, A 2; Darw. on
Stat. 660.

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