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leprosy 音標拼音: [l'ɛprəsi] n. 麻瘋病,腐敗 麻瘋病,腐敗 leprosy n 1: chronic granulomatous communicable disease occurring in tropical and subtropical regions; characterized by inflamed nodules beneath the skin and wasting of body parts; caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae [ synonym: { leprosy}, { Hansen' s disease}] Leprosy \ Lep" ro* sy\ ( l[ e^] p" r[- o]* s[ y^]), n. [ See { Leprous}.] ( Med.) A cutaneous disease which first appears as blebs or as reddish, shining, slightly prominent spots, with spreading edges. These are often followed by an eruption of dark or yellowish prominent nodules, frequently producing great deformity. In one variety of the disease, an[ ae] sthesia of the skin is a prominent symptom. In addition there may be wasting of the muscles, falling out of the hair and nails, and distortion of the hands and feet with destruction of the bones and joints. It is incurable, and is probably contagious. [ 1913 Webster] Note: The disease now called leprosy, also designated as Lepra or Lepra Arabum, and Elephantiasis Gr[ ae] corum, is not the same as the leprosy of the ancients. The latter was, indeed, a generic name for many varieties of skin disease ( including our modern leprosy, psoriasis, etc.), some of which, among the Hebrews, rendered a person ceremonially unclean. A variety of leprosy of the Hebrews ( probably identical with modern leprosy) was characterized by the presence of smooth, shining, depressed white patches or scales, the hair on which participated in the whiteness, while the skin and adjacent flesh became insensible. It was an incurable disease. [ 1913 Webster] 153 Moby Thesaurus words for " leprosy": African lethargy, Asiatic cholera, Chagres fever, German measles, Haverhill fever, acne, acne vulgaris, acute articular rheumatism, ague, alkali disease, amebiasis, amebic dysentery, anthrax, bacillary dysentery, bastard measles, black death, black fever, blackwater fever, breakbone fever, brucellosis, bubonic plague, cachectic fever, cerebral rheumatism, chicken pox, cholera, cowpox, dandy fever, deer fly fever, dengue, dengue fever, dermamycosis, dermatitis, dermatosis, diphtheria, dumdum fever, dysentery, eczema, elephantiasis, encephalitis lethargica, enteric fever, epithelioma, erysipelas, erythema, exanthem, famine fever, five- day fever, flu, frambesia, glandular fever, grippe, hansenosis, heat rash, hepatitis, herpes, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, histoplasmosis, hives, hookworm, hydrophobia, impetigo, infantile paralysis, infectious mononucleosis, inflammatory rheumatism, influenza, itch, jail fever, jungle rot, kala azar, kissing disease, lepra, leptospirosis, lichen, lichen primus, loa loa, loaiasis, lockjaw, lupus, lupus vulgaris, madness, malaria, malarial fever, marsh fever, measles, meningitis, miliaria, milzbrand, mumps, ornithosis, osteomyelitis, paratyphoid fever, parotitis, parrot fever, pemphigus, pertussis, pneumonia, polio, poliomyelitis, polyarthritis rheumatism, ponos, prickly heat, pruigo, pruritus, psittacosis, psora, rabbit fever, rabies, rat- bite fever, relapsing fever, rheumatic fever, rickettsialpox, ringworm, rubella, rubeola, scabies, scarlatina, scarlet fever, schistosomiasis, septic sore throat, shingles, skin cancer, sleeping sickness, sleepy sickness, smallpox, snail fever, splenic fever, spotted fever, strep throat, swamp fever, tetanus, tetter, thrush, tinea, trench fever, trench mouth, tuberculosis, tularemia, typhoid, typhoid fever, typhus, typhus fever, undulant fever, vaccinia, varicella, variola, venereal disease, viral dysentery, whooping cough, yaws, yellow fever, yellow jack, zona, zosterLeprosy ( Heb. tsara' ath, a " smiting," a " stroke," because the disease was regarded as a direct providential infliction). This name is from the Greek lepra, by which the Greek physicians designated the disease from its scaliness. We have the description of the disease, as well as the regulations connected with it, in Lev. 13; 14; Num. 12: 10- 15, etc. There were reckoned six different circumstances under which it might develop itself, ( 1) without any apparent cause ( Lev. 13: 2- 8); ( 2) its reappearance ( 9- 17); ( 3) from an inflammation ( 18- 28); ( 4) on the head or chin ( 29- 37); ( 5) in white polished spots ( 38, 39); ( 6) at the back or in the front of the head ( 40- 44). Lepers were required to live outside the camp or city ( Num. 5: 1- 4; 12: 10- 15, etc.). This disease was regarded as an awful punishment from the Lord ( 2 Kings 5: 7; 2 Chr. 26: 20). ( See { MIRIAM}; { GEHAZI}; { UZZIAH}.) This disease " begins with specks on the eyelids and on the palms, gradually spreading over the body, bleaching the hair white wherever they appear, crusting the affected parts with white scales, and causing terrible sores and swellings. From the skin the disease eats inward to the bones, rotting the whole body piecemeal." " In Christ' s day no leper could live in a walled town, though he might in an open village. But wherever he was he was required to have his outer garment rent as a sign of deep grief, to go bareheaded, and to cover his beard with his mantle, as if in lamentation at his own virtual death. He had further to warn passers- by to keep away from him, by calling out, ' Unclean! unclean!' nor could he speak to any one, or receive or return a salutation, since in the East this involves an embrace." That the disease was not contagious is evident from the regulations regarding it ( Lev. 13: 12, 13, 36; 2 Kings 5: 1). Leprosy was " the outward and visible sign of the innermost spiritual corruption; a meet emblem in its small beginnings, its gradual spread, its internal disfigurement, its dissolution little by little of the whole body, of that which corrupts, degrades, and defiles man' s inner nature, and renders him unmeet to enter the presence of a pure and holy God" ( Maclear' s Handbook O. T). Our Lord cured lepers ( Matt. 8: 2, 3; Mark 1: 40- 42). This divine power so manifested illustrates his gracious dealings with men in curing the leprosy of the soul, the fatal taint of sin.
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