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interpreter    音標拼音: [ɪnt'ɚprətɚ]
n. 直譯程序,解釋者,翻譯員
n. 注釋器

直譯程式,解釋者,翻譯員注釋器

interpreter
直譯器 INTERP


interpreter
閱讀解譯器

interpreter
解譯器

interpreter
n 1: someone who mediates between speakers of different
languages [synonym: {interpreter}, {translator}]
2: someone who uses art to represent something; "his paintings
reveal a sensitive interpreter of nature"; "she was famous as
an interpreter of Shakespearean roles"
3: an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose;
"the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major
organs of government" [synonym: {spokesperson}, {interpreter},
{representative}, {voice}]
4: (computer science) a program that translates and executes
source language statements one line at a time [synonym:
{interpreter}, {interpretive program}]

Interpreter \In*ter"pret*er\, n. [Cf. OF. entrepreteur, L.
interpretator.]
One who or that which interprets, explains, or expounds; a
translator; especially, a person who translates orally
between two parties.
[1913 Webster]

We think most men's actions to be the interpreters of
their thoughts. --Locke.
[1913 Webster]

52 Moby Thesaurus words for "interpreter":
allegorist, annotator, artist, artiste, cicerone, clarifier,
commentator, concert artist, critic, cryptanalyst, cryptographer,
cryptologist, decoder, definer, demonstrator, demythologizer,
diaskeuast, dragoman, editor, emendator, emender, euhemerist,
executant, exegesist, exegete, exegetist, explainer, explicator,
exponent, expositor, expounder, go-between, guide, hermeneut,
lexicographer, maestro, metaphrast, minstrel, minstrelsy,
music maker, musician, oneirocritic, paraphrast, performer, player,
scholiast, soloist, textual critic, translator, tunester, virtuosa,
virtuoso

A program which executes other programs. This
is in contrast to a {compiler} which does not execute its
input program (the "{source code}") but translates it into
executable "{machine code}" (also called "{object code}")
which is output to a file for later execution. It may be
possible to execute the same source code either directly by an
interpreter or by compiling it and then executing the {machine
code} produced.

It takes longer to run a program under an interpreter than to
run the compiled code but it can take less time to interpret
it than the total required to compile and run it. This is
especially important when prototyping and testing code when an
edit-interpret-debug cycle can often be much shorter than an
edit-compile-run-debug cycle.

Interpreting code is slower than running the compiled code
because the interpreter must analyse each statement in the
program each time it is executed and then perform the desired
action whereas the compiled code just performs the action.
This run-time analysis is known as "interpretive overhead".
Access to variables is also slower in an interpreter because
the mapping of identifiers to storage locations must be done
repeatedly at run time rather than at compile time.

There are various compromises between the development speed
when using an interpreter and the execution speed when using a
compiler. Some systems (e.g. some {Lisps}) allow interpreted
and compiled code to call each other and to share variables.
This means that once a routine has been tested and debugged
under the interpreter it can be compiled and thus benefit from
faster execution while other routines are being developed.
Many interpreters do not execute the source code as it stands
but convert it into some more compact internal form. For
example, some {BASIC} interpreters replace {keywords} with
single byte tokens which can be used to {index} into a {jump
table}. An interpreter might well use the same {lexical
analyser} and {parser} as the compiler and then interpret the
resulting {abstract syntax tree}.

There is thus a spectrum of possibilities between interpreting
and compiling, depending on the amount of analysis performed
before the program is executed. For example {Emacs Lisp} is
compiled to "{byte-code}" which is a highly compressed and
optimised representation of the Lisp source but is not machine
code (and therefore not tied to any particular hardware).
This "compiled" code is then executed (interpreted) by a {byte
code interpreter} (itself written in {C}). The compiled code
in this case is {machine code} for a {virtual machine} which
is implemented not in hardware but in the byte-code
interpreter.

See also {partial evaluation}.

(1995-01-30)

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