confirmation 音標拼音: [k
, ɑnfɚm'eʃən]
n . 確認
n . 證實,鞏固,批準
確認証實,鞏固,批准
confirmation 確認
confirmation n 1 :
additional proof that something that was believed (
some fact or hypothesis or theory )
is correct ; "
fossils provided further confirmation of the evolutionary theory " [
synonym :
{
confirmation }, {
verification }, {
check }, {
substantiation }]
2 :
information that confirms or verifies 3 :
making something valid by formally ratifying or confirming it ; "
the ratification of the treaty "; "
confirmation of the appointment " [
synonym : {
ratification }, {
confirmation }]
4 :
a ceremony held in the synagogue (
usually at Pentecost )
to admit as adult members of the Jewish community young men and women who have successfully completed a course of study in Judaism 5 :
a sacrament admitting a baptized person to full participation in the church Confirmation \
Con `
fir *
ma "
tion \,
n . [
F .
confirmation ,
L .
confirmatio .]
1 .
The act of confirming or strengthening ;
the act of establishing ,
ratifying ,
or sanctioning ;
as ,
the confirmation of an appointment .
[
1913 Webster ]
Their blood is shed In confirmation of the noblest claim . --
Cowper .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
That which confirms ;
that which gives new strength or assurance ;
as to a statement or belief ;
additional evidence ;
proof ;
convincing testimony .
[
1913 Webster ]
Trifles light as air Are to the jealous confirmations strong As proofs of holy writ . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 . (
Eccl .)
A rite supplemental to baptism ,
by which a person is admitted ,
through the laying on of the hands of a bishop ,
to the full privileges of the church ,
as in the Roman Catholic ,
the Episcopal Church ,
etc .
[
1913 Webster ]
This ordinance is called confirmation ,
because they who duly receive it are confirmed or strengthened for the fulfillment of their Christian duties ,
by the grace therein bestowed upon them . --
Hook .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 . (
Law )
A conveyance by which a voidable estate is made sure and not voidable ,
or by which a particular estate is increased ;
a contract ,
express or implied ,
by which a person makes that firm and binding which was before voidable .
[
1913 Webster ]
114 Moby Thesaurus words for "
confirmation ":
John Hancock ,
OK ,
acceptance ,
affirmance ,
affirmation ,
agape ,
approbation ,
approval ,
ascertainment ,
asperges ,
aspersion ,
assurance ,
attestation ,
auricular confession ,
authentication ,
authorization ,
backing ,
backing up ,
baptism ,
bar mitzvah ,
bas mitzvah ,
bearing out ,
bolstering ,
buttressing ,
celebration ,
certification ,
check ,
checking ,
circumcision ,
circumstantiation ,
collation ,
comparative scrutiny ,
confession ,
corroboration ,
corroboratory evidence ,
countersignature ,
cross -
check ,
deep -
rootedness ,
deep -
seatedness ,
determination ,
documentation ,
embedment ,
endorsement ,
ensuring ,
entrenchment ,
establishment ,
evidence ,
extreme unction ,
fixation ,
fixedness ,
fixity ,
fixture ,
fortification ,
go -
ahead ,
green light ,
high celebration ,
holy orders ,
implantation ,
imprimatur ,
incense ,
infixion ,
inveteracy ,
invocation ,
invocation of saints ,
kiss of peace ,
lesser litany ,
litany ,
love feast ,
lustration ,
matrimony ,
nod ,
notarization ,
okay ,
pax ,
penance ,
permission ,
processional ,
proof ,
proving ,
proving out ,
ratification ,
reassurance ,
reassurement ,
reciting the rosary ,
reinforcement ,
rubber stamp ,
sanction ,
seal ,
seven sacraments ,
sigil ,
signature ,
signet ,
stabilization ,
stamp ,
stamp of approval ,
strengthening ,
subscription ,
substantiation ,
support ,
supporting evidence ,
telling of beads ,
testament ,
testimonial ,
the Eucharist ,
the confessional ,
the confessionary ,
the nod ,
undergirding ,
validation ,
verification ,
visa ,
vise ,
warrant ,
witness CONFIRMATION ,
contracts ,
conveyancing .
1 .
A contract by which that which was voidable ,
is made firm and unavoidable .
2 .
A species of conveyance .
2 . -
1 .
When a contract has been entered into by a stranger without authority ,
he in whose name it has been made may ,
by his own act ,
confirm it ;
or if the contract be made by the party himself in an informal and voidable manner ,
he may in a more formal manner confirm and render it valid ;
and in that event it will take effect ,
as between the parties ,
from the original making .
To make a valid confirmation ,
the party must be apprised of ,
his rights ,
and where there has been a fraud in the transaction ,
he must be award of it ,
and intend to confirm his contract .
Vide 1 Ball &
Beatty ,
353 ;
2 Scho . &
Lef .
486 ;
12 Ves .
373 ;
1 Ves .
Jr .
215 ;
Newl .
Contr .
496 ;
1 Atk .
301 ;
8 Watts .
R .
280 .
3 . -
2 .
Lord Coke defines a confirmation of an estate ,
to be "
a conveyance of an estate or right in esse ,
whereby a voidable estate is made sure and unavoidable ;
or where a particular estate is increased ."
4 .
The first part of this definition may be illustrated by the following case ,
put by Littleton ,
Sec .
516 ;
where a person lets land to another for the term of his life ,
who lets the same to another for forty years ,
by force of which he is in possession ;
if the lessor for life confirms the estate of the tenant for years by deed ,
and afterwards the tenant for life dies ,
during the term ;
this deed will operate as a confirmation of the term for years ..
As to the latter branch of the definition ;
whenever a confirmation operates by way of increasing the estate ,
it is similar in every respect to a release that operates by way of enlargement ,
for there must be privity of estate ,
and proper words of limitation .
The proper technical words of a confirmation are ,
ratify and confirm ;
although it is usual and prudent to insert also the words given and granted .
Watk .
Prin .
Convey .
chap .
vii .
5 .
A confirmation does not strengthen a void estate .
Confirmatio est nulla ,
ubi donum precedens est invalidum ,
et ubi donatio nulla est nec valebit confirmatio .
For confirmation may make a voidable or defeasible estate good ,
but cannot operate on an estate void in law .
Co .
Litt .
295 .
The canon law agrees with this rule ,
and hence the maxim ,
qui confirmat nihil dat .
Toull .
Dr .
Civ .
Fr .
liv .
3 ,
t .
3 ,
c .
6 ,
n .
476 .
Vide Vin .
Ab .
h .
t .;
Com .
Dig .
11 .
t .;
Ayliffe '
s Pand . *
386 ;
1 Chit .
Pr .
315 ;
3 Gill &
John .
290 ;
3 Yerg .
R .
405 ;
Co .
Litt .
295 ;
Gilbert on Ten .
75 ;
1 Breese '
s R .
236 ;
9 Co .
142 ,
a ;
2 Bouv .
Inst .
n .
2067 -
9 .
6 .
An infant is said to confirm his acts performed during infancy ,
when ,
after coming to full age ,
be expressly approves of them ,
or does acts from which such confirmation way be implied .
Sec Ratification .
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