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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Onycha \On"y*cha\, n. [NL., from L. onyx, -ychis, onyx, also, a
kind of mussel, Gr. ?, ?. See {Onyx}.]
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1. An ingredient of the Mosaic incense, probably the
operculum of some kind of strombus. --Ex. xxx. 34.
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2. The precious stone called {onyx}. [R.]
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Onyx \O"nyx\, n. [L., fr. Gr. ? a claw, finger nail, a veined
gem. See {Nail}, and cf. {Onycha}.]
1. (Min.) Chalcedony in parallel layers of different shades
of color. It is used for making cameos, the figure being
cut in one layer with the next as a ground.
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2. Same as {Mexican onyx}.
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3. A deep jet-black color.
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{Onyx marble}, {Mexican onyx}, a banded variety of marble or
calcium carbonate resembling onyx. It is obtained from
Mexico in various colors ranging from white to deep black.
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onyx \o"nyx\, a.
Deep, jet-black.
[PJC]


Chalcedony \Chal*ced"o*ny\ (k[a^]l*s[e^]d"[-o]*n[y^] or
k[a^]l"s[-e]*d[-o]*n[y^]; 277), n.; pl. {Chalcedonies}
(-n[i^]z). [ L. chalcedonius, fr. Gr. CHalkhdw`n Chalcedon, a
town in Asia Minor, opposite to Byzantium: cf. calc['e]doine,
OE. calcidoine, casidoyne. Cf. {Cassidony}.] (Min.)
A cryptocrystalline, translucent variety of quartz, having
usually a whitish color, and a luster nearly like wax.
[Written also {calcedony}.]
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Note: When chalcedony is variegated with with spots or
figures, or arranged in differently colored layers, it
is called {agate}; and if by reason of the thickness,
color, and arrangement of the layers it is suitable for
being carved into cameos, it is called {onyx}.
{Chrysoprase} is green chalcedony; {carnelian}, a flesh
red, and {sard}, a brownish red variety.
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