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bug    音標拼音: [b'ʌg]
n.
錯誤,蟲,病菌,缺陷,竊聽器,癖好,防盜報警器,雙座小汽車

錯誤,蟲,病菌,缺陷,竊聽器,癖好,防盜報警器,雙座小汽車

bug
錯誤

bug
錯誤

bug
n 1: general term for any insect or similar creeping or crawling
invertebrate
2: a fault or defect in a computer program, system, or machine
[synonym: {bug}, {glitch}]
3: a small hidden microphone; for listening secretly
4: insects with sucking mouthparts and forewings thickened and
leathery at the base; usually show incomplete metamorphosis
[synonym: {hemipterous insect}, {bug}, {hemipteran},
{hemipteron}]
5: a minute life form (especially a disease-causing bacterium);
the term is not in technical use [synonym: {microbe}, {bug},
{germ}]
v 1: annoy persistently; "The children teased the boy because of
his stammer" [synonym: {tease}, {badger}, {pester}, {bug},
{beleaguer}]
2: tap a telephone or telegraph wire to get information; "The
FBI was tapping the phone line of the suspected spy"; "Is
this hotel room bugged?" [synonym: {wiretap}, {tap}, {intercept},
{bug}]

Bug \Bug\ (b[u^]g), n. [OE. bugge, fr. W. bwg, bwgan, hobgoblin,
scarecrow, bugbear. Cf. {Bogey}, {Boggle}.]
1. A bugbear; anything which terrifies. [Obs.]
[1913 Webster]

Sir, spare your threats:
The bug which you would fright me with I seek.
--Shak.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Zool.) A general name applied to various insects
belonging to the Hemiptera; as, the squash bug; the chinch
bug, etc.
[1913 Webster]

3. (Zool.) An insect of the genus {Cimex}, especially the
bedbug ({Cimex lectularius}). See {Bedbug}.
[1913 Webster]

4. (Zool.) One of various species of Coleoptera; as, the
ladybug; potato bug, etc.; loosely, any beetle.
[1913 Webster]

5. (Zool.) One of certain kinds of Crustacea; as, the sow
bug; pill bug; bait bug; salve bug, etc.
[1913 Webster]

Note: According to popular usage in England and among
housekeepers in America around 1900, bug, when not
joined with some qualifying word, was used specifically
for {bedbug}. As a general term it is now used very
loosely in America as a colloquial term to mean any
small crawling thing, such as an insect or arachnid,
and was formerly used still more loosely in England.
"God's rare workmanship in the ant, the poorest bug
that creeps." --Rogers (--Naaman). "This bug with
gilded wings." --Pope.
[1913 Webster PJC]

6. (Computers) An error in the coding of a computer program,
especially one causing the program to malfunction or fail.
See, for example, {year 2000 bug}. "That's not a bug, it's
a feature!"
[PJC]

7. Any unexpected defect or flaw, such as in a machine or a
plan.
[PJC]

8. A hidden electronic listening device, used to hear or
record conversations surreptitiously.
[PJC]

9. An infectious microorganism; a germ[4]. [Colloq.]
[PJC]

10. An undiagnosed illness, usually mild, believed to be
caused by an infectious organism. [Colloq.]

Note: In some communities in the 1990's, the incidence of
AIDS is high and AIDS is referred to colloquially as
"the bug".
[PJC]

11. An enthusiast; -- used mostly in combination, as a camera
bug. [Colloq.]
[PJC]

{Bait bug}. See under {Bait}.

{Bug word}, swaggering or threatening language. [Obs.]
--Beau. & Fl.
[1913 Webster]


Bug \Bug\ (b[u^]g), v. t.
to {annoy}; to bother or pester.
[PJC] Bugaboo

381 Moby Thesaurus words for "bug":
ALGOL, COBOL, FORTRAN, Mumbo Jumbo, abrade, addict, addle,
addle the wits, adenovirus, aerobe, aerobic bacteria, aficionado,
aggravate, agitate, alphabetic data, alphanumeric code, amoeba,
anaerobe, anaerobic bacteria, angular data, annoy, apply pressure,
arachnid, arthropod, assembler, attend, attend to, auscultate,
bacillus, bacteria, bacterium, badger, bag, bait, ball up, balloon,
be all ears, be at, becloud, bedazzle, bedevil, beetle, befuddle,
belly, belly out, bend an ear, beset, besiege, bewilder, bigot,
bilge, billow, binary digit, binary scale, binary system, bit,
blandish, blemish, bogey, bogeyman, boggart, bogle, booger,
boogerman, boogeyman, bother, bouge, bristle, brown off, buff,
bugaboo, bugbear, bugger, bulge, bullyrag, burn up, buttonhole,
byte, cajole, carp at, case, catch, caterpillar, centipede, chafe,
chilopod, chivy, cloud, coax, coccus, cock the ears, collector,
command pulses, commands, compiler, computer code,
computer language, computer program, confuse, control signals,
controlled quantity, convulse, correcting signals, crack, crank,
craze, crazy fancy, daddy longlegs, data, daze, dazzle, defect,
defection, deficiency, demon, devil, devotee, dilate, diplopod,
discombobulate, discomfit, discompose, disconcert,
disease-producing microorganism, disorganize, disorient, distemper,
distend, distract, disturb, dog, drawback, dun, eager beaver,
eavesdrop, echovirus, embarrass, embroil, energumen, entangle,
enterovirus, enthusiasm, enthusiast, error, error signals,
examine by ear, exasperate, exercise, exert pressure, faddist,
failing, failure, fan, fanatic, fanatico, fascination, fash, fault,
faute, fee-faw-fum, feedback pulses, feedback signals, fiend,
film data, filterable virus, flaw, flummox, flurry, fluster,
flutter, fly, fog, foible, frailty, freak, fret, fret at, fuddle,
fungus, furor, furore, fuss, fuss at, gall, germ, get,
give attention, give audience to, give ear, goggle,
gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, great one for,
gripe, harass, hark, harry, harvestman, hassle, hear, hear out,
hearken, heckle, hector, heed, henpeck, hexadecimal system,
hexapod, hobbyist, hole, hound, imperfection, importune,
inadequacy, infatuate, infatuation, infirmity, information,
input data, input quantity, insect, instructions, intercept, irk,
kink, larva, lend an ear, listen, listen at, listen in, listen to,
little problem, lunatic fringe, machine language, maggot,
make a reconnaissance, mania, maniac, manic-depressive psychosis,
maze, message, microbe, microorganism, microphone, miff, mike,
millepede, millipede, mist, mite, mix up, moider, mold, molest,
monomaniac, muddle, multiple messages, nag, nag at, needle, nettle,
nibble at, noise, nonfilterable virus, nudzh, numeric data, nut,
nymph, octal system, oscillograph data, output data,
output quantity, passion, pathogen, peck at, peep, peeve, perplex,
persecute, perturb, pester, pick at, pick on, picornavirus, pique,
plague, play, play the spy, pluck the beard, ply, polar data,
pooch, pop, pother, pouch, pout, press, pressure, problem,
protozoa, protozoon, provoke, psych, punch-card data, pursuer,
push, put out, put under surveillance, radiomicrophone, rage,
raise hell, random data, rattle, reconnoiter, rectangular data,
reference quantity, reovirus, rhapsodist, rhinovirus, rickettsia,
ride, rift, rile, roil, round out, ruffle, ruly English, scorpion,
scout, scout out, shortcoming, signals, single messages, sit in on,
snag, something missing, spider, spirillum, spirochete, spook,
spore, spy, spy out, stake out, staphylococcus, streptococcus,
sucker for, swell, swell out, taint, tap, tarantula, tease, throw,
throw into confusion, tick, torment, trouble, try the patience,
trypanosome, tweak the nose, unorganized data, unsettle, upset,
urge, vex, vibrio, virus, visible-speech data, visionary,
vulnerable place, watch, weak link, weak point, weakness, wheedle,
wiretap, work on, worry, yap at, zealot

An unwanted and unintended property of a
{program} or piece of {hardware}, especially one that causes
it to malfunction. Antonym of {feature}. E.g. "There's a bug
in the editor: it writes things out backward." The
identification and removal of bugs in a program is called
"{debugging}".

Admiral {Grace Hopper} (an early computing pioneer better
known for inventing {COBOL}) liked to tell a story in which a
technician solved a {glitch} in the {Harvard Mark II machine}
by pulling an actual insect out from between the contacts of
one of its relays, and she subsequently promulgated {bug} in
its hackish sense as a joke about the incident (though, as she
was careful to admit, she was not there when it happened).
For many years the logbook associated with the incident and
the actual bug in question (a moth) sat in a display case at
the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC). The entire story,
with a picture of the logbook and the moth taped into it, is
recorded in the "Annals of the History of Computing", Vol. 3,
No. 3 (July 1981), pp. 285--286.

The text of the log entry (from September 9, 1947), reads
"1545 Relay #70 Panel F (moth) in relay. First actual case of
bug being found". This wording establishes that the term was
already in use at the time in its current specific sense - and
Hopper herself reports that the term "bug" was regularly
applied to problems in radar electronics during WWII.

Indeed, the use of "bug" to mean an industrial defect was
already established in Thomas Edison's time, and a more
specific and rather modern use can be found in an electrical
handbook from 1896 ("Hawkin's New Catechism of Electricity",
Theo. Audel & Co.) which says: "The term "bug" is used to a
limited extent to designate any fault or trouble in the
connections or working of electric apparatus." It further
notes that the term is "said to have originated in
{quadruplex} telegraphy and have been transferred to all
electric apparatus."

The latter observation may explain a common folk etymology of
the term; that it came from telephone company usage, in which
"bugs in a telephone cable" were blamed for noisy lines.
Though this derivation seems to be mistaken, it may well be a
distorted memory of a joke first current among *telegraph*
operators more than a century ago!

Actually, use of "bug" in the general sense of a disruptive
event goes back to Shakespeare! In the first edition of
Samuel Johnson's dictionary one meaning of "bug" is "A
frightful object; a walking spectre"; this is traced to
"bugbear", a Welsh term for a variety of mythological monster
which (to complete the circle) has recently been reintroduced
into the popular lexicon through fantasy {role-playing games}.

In any case, in jargon the word almost never refers to
insects. Here is a plausible conversation that never actually
happened:

"There is a bug in this ant farm!"

"What do you mean? I don't see any ants in it."

"That's the bug."

[There has been a widespread myth that the original bug was
moved to the Smithsonian, and an earlier version of this entry
so asserted. A correspondent who thought to check discovered
that the bug was not there. While investigating this in late
1990, your editor discovered that the NSWC still had the bug,
but had unsuccessfully tried to get the Smithsonian to accept
it - and that the present curator of their History of
American Technology Museum didn't know this and agreed that it
would make a worthwhile exhibit. It was moved to the
Smithsonian in mid-1991, but due to space and money
constraints has not yet been exhibited. Thus, the process of
investigating the original-computer-bug bug fixed it in an
entirely unexpected way, by making the myth true! - ESR]

[{Jargon File}]

(1999-06-29)



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