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spontaneous 音標拼音: [spɑnt'eniəs] a. 自然的,自發的,未經琢磨的 自然的,自發的,未經琢磨的 spontaneous adj 1: happening or arising without apparent external cause; " spontaneous laughter"; " spontaneous combustion"; " a spontaneous abortion" [ synonym: { spontaneous}, { self- generated}] [ ant: { induced}] 2: said or done without having been planned or written in advance; " he made a few ad- lib remarks" [ synonym: { ad- lib}, { spontaneous}, { unwritten}] Spontaneous \ Spon* ta" ne* ous\ ( sp[ o^] n* t[= a]" n[- e]*[ u^] s), a. [ L. spontaneus, fr. sponte of free will, voluntarily.] 1. Proceeding from natural feeling, temperament, or disposition, or from a native internal proneness, readiness, or tendency, without constraint; as, a spontaneous gift or proposition. [ 1913 Webster] 2. Proceeding from, or acting by, internal impulse, energy, or natural law, without external force; as, spontaneous motion; spontaneous growth. [ 1913 Webster] 3. Produced without being planted, or without human labor; as, a spontaneous growth of wood. [ 1913 Webster] { Spontaneous combustion}, combustion produced in a substance by the evolution of heat through the chemical action of its own elements; as, the spontaneous combustion of waste matter saturated with oil. { Spontaneous generation}. ( Biol.) See under { Generation}. [ 1913 Webster] Syn: Voluntary; uncompelled; willing. Usage: { Spontaneous}, { Voluntary}. What is voluntary is the result of a volition, or act of choice; it therefore implies some degree of consideration, and may be the result of mere reason without excited feeling. What is spontaneous springs wholly from feeling, or a sudden impulse which admits of no reflection; as, a spontaneous burst of applause. Hence, the term is also applied to things inanimate when they are produced without the determinate purpose or care of man. " Abstinence which is but voluntary fasting, and . . . exercise which is but voluntary labor." -- J. Seed. [ 1913 Webster] Spontaneous joys, where nature has its play, The soul adopts, and owns their firstborn away. -- Goldsmith. [ 1913 Webster] -- { Spon* ta" ne* ous* ly}, adv. -- { Spon* ta" ne* ous* ness}, n. [ 1913 Webster] 119 Moby Thesaurus words for " spontaneous": ad lib, arbitrary, automated, automatic, automatous, autonomous, bat, baton, billy, billy club, bludgeon, casual, club, cybernated, discretional, discretionary, elective, extemporaneous, extempore, free, free will, gratuitous, gut, ill- advised, ill- considered, ill- devised, immediate, impetuous, impromptu, improvised, impulsive, inadvertent, indeliberate, independent, inherent, innate, instinctive, instinctual, involuntary, libidinal, mace, mechanical, natural, nightstick, nonmandatory, off the cuff, offered, offhand, optional, proffered, reflex, reflexive, self- acting, self- active, self- adjusting, self- closing, self- controlled, self- cooking, self- determined, self- determining, self- directed, self- directing, self- dumping, self- governed, self- governing, self- lighting, self- operative, self- regulative, self- starting, self- winding, self- working, semiautomatic, simple, snap, spontoon, spur- of- the- moment, subliminal, truncheon, unadvised, unannounced, unasked, unbesought, unbidden, uncalculated, uncalled- for, uncoerced, uncompelled, unconscious, unconsidered, unconstrained, undeliberate, undeliberated, undesigned, unforced, unguarded, uninfluenced, unintended, unintentional, uninvited, unlearned, unmeditated, unplanned, unpremeditated, unprepared, unpressured, unprompted, unrehearsed, unrequested, unrequired, unsolicited, unsophisticated, unsought, unstudied, unthinking, unwilled, unwitting, voluntary, volunteer, willful
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