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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Ketone \Ke"tone\ (k[=e]"t[=o]n), n. [Cf. {Acetone}.] (Chem.)
One of a large class of organic substances resembling the
aldehydes, obtained by the distillation of certain salts of
organic acids and consisting of carbonyl ({CO}) united with
two hydrocarbon radicals. In general the ketones are
colorless volatile liquids having a pungent ethereal odor.
[1913 Webster]

Note: The ketones are named by adding the suffix-one to the
stems of the organic acids from which they are
respectively derived; thus, acetic acid gives acetone;
butyric acid, butyrone, etc.
[1913 Webster]


Acyl \Ac"yl\, n. [Acid -yl.] (Org. Chem.)
An acid radical, as acetyl, malonyl, or benzoyl. An acyl
radical can be depicted as {R-CO-}, where {-CO-} is the
carbonyl group, and R is the group that characterizes the
acyl moiety.
[Webster 1913 Suppl. PJC]


Carbonic \Car*bon"ic\, a. [Cf. F. carbonique. See {Carbon}.]
(Chem.)
Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, carbon; as, carbonic
oxide.
[1913 Webster]

{Carbonic acid} (Chem.), an acid {HO.CO.OH}, not existing
separately, which, combined with positive or basic atoms
or radicals, forms carbonates. In common language the term
is very generally applied to a compound of carbon and
oxygen, {CO2}, more correctly called {carbon dioxide}. It
is a colorless, heavy, irrespirable gas, extinguishing
flame, and when breathed destroys life. It can be reduced
to a liquid and solid form by intense pressure. It is
produced in the fermentation of liquors, and by the
combustion and decomposition of organic substances, or
other substances containing carbon. It is formed in the
explosion of fire damp in mines, and is hence called
{after damp}; it is also know as {choke damp}, and
{mephitic air}. Water will absorb its own volume of it,
and more than this under pressure, and in this state
becomes the common soda water of the shops, and the
carbonated water of natural springs. Combined with lime it
constitutes limestone, or common marble and chalk. Plants
imbibe it for their nutrition and growth, the carbon being
retained and the oxygen given out.

{Carbonic oxide} (Chem.), a colorless gas, {CO}, of a light
odor, called more correctly {carbon monoxide}. It is
almost the only definitely known compound in which carbon
seems to be divalent. It is a product of the incomplete
combustion of carbon, and is an abundant constituent of
water gas. It is fatal to animal life, extinguishes
combustion, and burns with a pale blue flame, forming
carbon dioxide.
[1913 Webster]


Carbonyl \Car"bon*yl\, n. [Carbon -yl.] (Chem.)
The radical ({=CO}), occuring, always combined, in many
compounds, as the aldehydes, the ketones, urea, carbonyl
chloride, etc.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Though denoted by a formula identical with that of
carbon monoxide, it is chemically distinct, as carbon
seems to be divalent in carbon monoxide, but
tetravalent in carbonyl compounds.
[1913 Webster]

{Carbonyl chloride} (Chem.), a colorless gas, {COCl2}, of
offensive odor, and easily condensable to liquid. It is
formed from chlorine and carbon monoxide, under the
influence of light, and hence has been called {phosgene},
or {phosgene gas}; -- called also {carbon oxychloride}. It
is used in chemical synthesis, and was also used as a
poison gas in World War I.
[1913 Webster PJC]


Co \Co\ n.
the chemical formula for {cobalt}, a ferromagnetic metal of
atomic number 27.

Syn: cobalt, atomic number 27.
[WordNet 1.5]


Co- \Co-\ (k[-o]-).
A form of the prefix com-, signifying with, together, in
conjunction, joint. It is used before vowels and some
consonants. See {Com-}.
[1913 Webster]