dictum 音標拼音: [d'ɪktəm]
n . 言明,格言,法官的附帶意見
言明,格言,法官的附帶意見
dictum n 1 :
an authoritative declaration [
synonym : {
pronouncement },
{
dictum }, {
say -
so }]
2 :
an opinion voiced by a judge on a point of law not directly bearing on the case in question and therefore not binding [
synonym : {
obiter dictum }, {
dictum }]
Dictum \
Dic "
tum \,
n .;
pl .
L . {
Dicta },
E . {
Dictums }. [
L .,
neuter of dictus ,
p .
p .
of dicere to say .
See {
Diction },
and cf .
{
Ditto }.]
1 .
An authoritative statement ;
a dogmatic saying ;
an apothegm .
[
1913 Webster ]
A class of critical dicta everywhere current . --
M .
Arnold .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 . (
Law )
(
a )
A judicial opinion expressed by judges on points that do not necessarily arise in the case ,
and are not involved in it .
(
b ) (
French Law )
The report of a judgment made by one of the judges who has given it . --
Bouvier .
(
c )
An arbitrament or award .
[
1913 Webster ]
162 Moby Thesaurus words for "
dictum ":
Parthian shot ,
a priori truth ,
action ,
adage ,
address ,
affirmance ,
affirmation ,
allegation ,
ana ,
analects ,
announcement ,
annunciation ,
answer ,
aphorism ,
apostrophe ,
apothegm ,
appointment ,
assertion ,
asseveration ,
averment ,
avouchment ,
avowal ,
award ,
axiom ,
brevet ,
brocard ,
bull ,
byword ,
canon ,
catchword ,
code ,
collected sayings ,
commandment ,
comment ,
conclusion ,
condemnation ,
consideration ,
convention ,
crack ,
creed ,
current saying ,
decision ,
declaration ,
decree ,
decree -
law ,
decreement ,
decretal ,
decretum ,
deliverance ,
determination ,
diagnosis ,
dictate ,
diktat ,
distich ,
doom ,
edict ,
edictum ,
enunciation ,
epigram ,
exclamation ,
expression ,
fiat ,
finding ,
form ,
formula ,
general principle ,
gnome ,
golden rule ,
golden saying ,
greeting ,
guideline ,
guiding principle ,
imperative ,
interjection ,
ipse dixit ,
law ,
manifesto ,
maxim ,
mention ,
mitzvah ,
moral ,
mot ,
motto ,
norm ,
note ,
observation ,
oracle ,
order ,
ordinance ,
ordonnance ,
phrase ,
pithy saying ,
position ,
position paper ,
positive declaration ,
postulate ,
precedent ,
precept ,
predicate ,
predication ,
prescript ,
principium ,
principle ,
proclamation ,
profession ,
prognosis ,
pronouncement ,
pronunciamento ,
proposition ,
protest ,
protestation ,
proverb ,
proverbial saying ,
proverbs ,
question ,
reflection ,
regulation ,
remark ,
rescript ,
resolution ,
rubric ,
rule ,
ruling ,
saw ,
say ,
say -
so ,
saying ,
self -
evident truth ,
senatus consult ,
senatus consultum ,
sentence ,
sententious expression ,
settled principle ,
sloka ,
stance ,
stand ,
standard ,
statement ,
stock saying ,
subjoinder ,
sutra ,
teaching ,
tenet ,
text ,
theorem ,
thought ,
truism ,
truth ,
ukase ,
universal truth ,
utterance ,
verdict ,
verse ,
vouch ,
wisdom ,
wisdom literature ,
wise saying ,
witticism ,
word ,
words of wisdom ,
working principle ,
working rule DICTUM ,
practice .
Dicta are judicial opinions expressed by the judges on points that do not necessarily arise in the case .
2 .
Dicta are regarded as of little authority ,
on account of the manner in which they are delivered ;
it frequently happening that they are given without much reflection ,
at the bar ,
without previous examination . "
If ,"
says Huston ,
J .,
in Frants v .
Brown ,
17 Serg . &
Rawle ,
292 , "
general dicta in cases turning on special circumstances are to be considered as establishing the law ,
nothing is yet settled ,
or can be long settled ." "
What I have said or written ,
out of the case trying ,"
continues the learned judge , "
or shall say or write ,
under such circumstances ,
maybe taken as my opinion at the time ,
without argument or full consideration ;
but I will never consider myself bound by it when the point is fairly trying and fully argued and considered .
And I protest against any person considering such obiter dicta as my deliberate opinion ."
And it was considered by another learned judge .
Mr .
Baron Richards ,
to be a "
great misfortune that dicta are taken down from judges ,
perhaps incorrectly ,
and then cited as absolute propositions ."
1 Phillim .
Rep .
1406 ;
S .
C .
1 Eng .
Ecc .
R .
129 ;
Ram .
on Judgm .
ch .
5 ,
p .
36 ;
Willes '
Rep .
666 ;
1 H .
Bl .
53 -
63 ;
2 Bos . &
P .
375 ;
7 T .
R .
287 ;
3 B . &
A .
341 ;
2 Bing .
90 .
The doctrine of the courts of France on this subject is stated in 11 Toull .
177 ,
n .
133 .
3 .
In the French law ,
the report of a judgment made by one of the judges who has given it ,
is called the dictum .
Poth .
Proc .
Civ .
partie 1 ,
c .
5 ,
art .
2 .
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