voluntary 音標拼音: [v'ɑləntɛri]
a . 自動的,自愿的,故意的,志愿的,非官辦的,自發的
n . 即興演奏,志愿者
自動的,自願的,故意的,志願的,非官辦的,自發的即興演奏,志願者
voluntary adj 1 :
of your own free will or design ;
done by choice ;
not forced or compelled ; "
man is a voluntary agent ";
"
participation was voluntary "; "
voluntary manslaughter ";
"
voluntary generosity in times of disaster "; "
voluntary social workers "; "
a voluntary confession " [
ant :
{
involuntary }, {
nonvoluntary }, {
unvoluntary }]
2 :
controlled by individual volition ; "
voluntary motions ";
"
voluntary muscles " [
ant : {
involuntary }]
n 1 : (
military )
a person who freely enlists for service [
synonym :
{
volunteer }, {
military volunteer }, {
voluntary }] [
ant :
{
conscript }, {
draftee }, {
inductee }]
2 :
composition (
often improvised )
for a solo instrument (
especially solo organ )
and not a regular part of a religious service or musical performance Voluntary \
Vol "
un *
ta *
ry \,
a . [
L .
voluntarius ,
fr .
voluntas will ,
choice ,
from the root of velle to will ,
p .
pr .
volens ;
akin to E .
will :
cf .
F .
volontaire ,
Of .
also voluntaire .
See {
Will },
v .
t .,
and cf . {
Benevolent }, {
Volition },
{
Volunteer }.]
1 .
Proceeding from the will ;
produced in or by an act of choice .
[
1913 Webster ]
That sin or guilt pertains exclusively to voluntary action is the true principle of orthodoxy . --
N .
W .
Taylor .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Unconstrained by the interference of another ;
unimpelled by the influence of another ;
not prompted or persuaded by another ;
done of his or its own accord ;
spontaneous ;
acting of one '
s self ,
or of itself ;
free .
[
1913 Webster ]
Our voluntary service he requires . --
Milton .
[
1913 Webster ]
She fell to lust a voluntary prey . --
Pope .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Done by design or intention ;
intentional ;
purposed ;
intended ;
not accidental ;
as ,
if a man kills another by lopping a tree ,
it is not voluntary manslaughter .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 . (
Physiol .)
Of or pertaining to the will ;
subject to ,
or regulated by ,
the will ;
as ,
the voluntary motions of an animal ,
such as the movements of the leg or arm (
in distinction from involuntary motions ,
such as the movements of the heart );
the voluntary muscle fibers ,
which are the agents in voluntary motion .
[
1913 Webster ]
5 .
Endowed with the power of willing ;
as ,
man is a voluntary agent .
[
1913 Webster ]
God did not work as a necessary ,
but a voluntary ,
agent ,
intending beforehand ,
and decreeing with himself ,
that which did outwardly proceed from him .
--
Hooker .
[
1913 Webster ]
6 . (
Law )
Free ;
without compulsion ;
according to the will ,
consent ,
or agreement ,
of a party ;
without consideration ;
gratuitous ;
without valuable consideration .
[
1913 Webster ]
7 . (
Eccl .)
Of or pertaining to voluntaryism ;
as ,
a voluntary church ,
in distinction from an established or state church .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Voluntary affidavit }
or {
Voluntary oath } (
Law ),
an affidavit or oath made in an extrajudicial matter .
{
Voluntary conveyance } (
Law ),
a conveyance without valuable consideration .
{
Voluntary escape } (
Law ),
the escape of a prisoner by the express consent of the sheriff .
{
Voluntary jurisdiction }. (
Eng .
Eccl .
Law )
See {
Contentious jurisdiction },
under {
Contentious }.
{
Voluntary waste }. (
Law )
See {
Waste },
n .,
4 .
[
1913 Webster ]
Syn :
See {
Spontaneous }.
[
1913 Webster ]
Voluntary \
Vol "
un *
ta *
ry \,
n .;
pl . {
Voluntaries }.
1 .
One who engages in any affair of his own free will ;
a volunteer . [
R .] --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 . (
Mus .)
A piece played by a musician ,
often extemporarily ,
according to his fancy ;
specifically ,
an organ solo played before ,
during ,
or after divine service .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 . (
Eccl .)
One who advocates voluntaryism .
[
1913 Webster ]
104 Moby Thesaurus words for "
voluntary ":
Vorspiel ,
advised ,
aimed ,
aimed at ,
alternative ,
arbitrary ,
autonomous ,
avant -
propos ,
breakthrough ,
calculated ,
chosen ,
conative ,
concert overture ,
conscious ,
considered ,
contemplated ,
curtain raiser ,
deliberate ,
deliberated ,
descant ,
designed ,
discretional ,
discretionary ,
disjunctive ,
dramatic overture ,
elected ,
elective ,
envisaged ,
envisioned ,
exordium ,
foreword ,
free ,
free will ,
front matter ,
frontispiece ,
gratuitous ,
independent ,
innovation ,
intended ,
intentional ,
introduction ,
knowing ,
leap ,
meant ,
meditated ,
nonmandatory ,
of design ,
offered ,
operatic overture ,
optional ,
overture ,
planned ,
postulate ,
preamble ,
preface ,
prefix ,
prefixture ,
preliminary ,
prelude ,
premeditated ,
premise ,
presupposition ,
proem ,
proffered ,
projected ,
prolegomena ,
prolegomenon ,
prolepsis ,
prologue ,
proposed ,
protasis ,
purposed ,
purposeful ,
purposive ,
self -
acting ,
self -
active ,
self -
determined ,
self -
determining ,
spontaneous ,
studied ,
teleological ,
unasked ,
unbesought ,
unbidden ,
uncalled -
for ,
uncoerced ,
uncompelled ,
unconstrained ,
unforced ,
uninfluenced ,
uninvited ,
unpressured ,
unprompted ,
unrequested ,
unrequired ,
unsolicited ,
unsought ,
vamp ,
verse ,
volitional ,
volunteer ,
willful ,
willing ,
witting VOLUNTARY .
Willingly ;
done with one '
s consent ;
negligently .
Wolff ,
Sec .
5 .
2 .
To render an act criminal or tortious it must be voluntary .
If a man ,
therefore ,
kill another without a will on his part ,
while engaged in the performance of a lawful act ,
and having taken proper care to prevent it ,
he is not guilty of any crime .
And if he commit an injury to the person or property of another ,
he is not liable for damages ,
unless the act has been voluntary or through negligence ,
as when a collision takes place between two ships without any fault in either .
2 Dobs .
R .
83 3 Hagg .
Adm .
R .
320 ,
414 .
3 .
When the crime or injury happens in the performance of an unlawful act ,
the party will be considered as having acted voluntarily .
4 .
A negligent escape permitted by an officer having the custody of a prisoner will be presumed as voluntary ;
under a declaration or count charging the escape to have been voluntary ,
the party will ,
therefore ,
be allowed to give a negligent escape in evidence .
1 Saund .
35 ,
n .
1 .
So Will .
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