英文字典中文字典Word104.com

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Heave \Heave\ (h[=e]v), v. t. [imp. {Heaved} (h[=e]vd), or
{Hove} (h[=o]v); p. p. {Heaved}, {Hove}, formerly {Hoven}
(h[=o]"v'n); p. pr. & vb. n. {Heaving}.] [OE. heven, hebben,
AS. hebban; akin to OS. hebbian, D. heffen, OHG. heffan,
hevan, G. heben, Icel. hefja, Sw. h[aum]fva, Dan. h[ae]ve,
Goth. hafjan, L. capere to take, seize; cf. Gr. kw`ph handle.
Cf. {Accept}, {Behoof}, {Capacious}, {Forceps}, {Haft},
{Receipt}.]
1. To cause to move upward or onward by a lifting effort; to
lift; to raise; to hoist; -- often with up; as, the wave
heaved the boat on land.
[1913 Webster]

One heaved ahigh, to be hurled down below. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Heave, as now used, implies that the thing raised is
heavy or hard to move; but formerly it was used in a
less restricted sense.
[1913 Webster]

Here a little child I stand,
Heaving up my either hand. --Herrick.
[1913 Webster]

2. To throw; to cast; -- obsolete, provincial, or colloquial,
except in certain nautical phrases; as, to heave the lead;
to heave the log.
[1913 Webster]

3. To force from, or into, any position; to cause to move;
also, to throw off; -- mostly used in certain nautical
phrases; as, to heave the ship ahead.
[1913 Webster]

4. To raise or force from the breast; to utter with effort;
as, to heave a sigh.
[1913 Webster]

The wretched animal heaved forth such groans.
--Shak.
[1913 Webster]

5. To cause to swell or rise, as the breast or bosom.
[1913 Webster]

The glittering, finny swarms
That heave our friths, and crowd upon our shores.
--Thomson.
[1913 Webster]

{To heave a cable short} (Naut.), to haul in cable till the
ship is almost perpendicularly above the anchor.

{To heave a ship ahead} (Naut.), to warp her ahead when not
under sail, as by means of cables.

{To heave a ship down} (Naut.), to throw or lay her down on
one side; to careen her.

{To heave a ship to} (Naut.), to bring the ship's head to the
wind, and stop her motion.

{To heave about} (Naut.), to put about suddenly.

{To heave in} (Naut.), to shorten (cable).

{To heave in stays} (Naut.), to put a vessel on the other
tack.

{To heave out a sail} (Naut.), to unfurl it.

{To heave taut} (Naut.), to turn a capstan, etc., till the
rope becomes strained. See {Taut}, and {Tight}.

{To heave the lead} (Naut.), to take soundings with lead and
line.

{To heave the log}. (Naut.) See {Log}.

{To heave up anchor} (Naut.), to raise it from the bottom of
the sea or elsewhere.
[1913 Webster]


Heave \Heave\ (h[=e]v), v. i.
1. To be thrown up or raised; to rise upward, as a tower or
mound.
[1913 Webster]

And the huge columns heave into the sky. --Pope.
[1913 Webster]

Where heaves the turf in many a moldering heap.
--Gray.
[1913 Webster]

The heaving sods of Bunker Hill. --E. Everett.
[1913 Webster]

2. To rise and fall with alternate motions, as the lungs in
heavy breathing, as waves in a heavy sea, as ships on the
billows, as the earth when broken up by frost, etc.; to
swell; to dilate; to expand; to distend; hence, to labor;
to struggle.
[1913 Webster]

Frequent for breath his panting bosom heaves.
--Prior.
[1913 Webster]

The heaving plain of ocean. --Byron.
[1913 Webster]

3. To make an effort to raise, throw, or move anything; to
strain to do something difficult.
[1913 Webster]

The Church of England had struggled and heaved at a
reformation ever since Wyclif's days. --Atterbury.
[1913 Webster]

4. To make an effort to vomit; to retch; to vomit.
[1913 Webster]

{To heave at}.
(a) To make an effort at.
(b) To attack, to oppose. [Obs.] --Fuller.

{To heave in sight} (as a ship at sea), to come in sight; to
appear.

{To heave up}, to vomit. [Low]
[1913 Webster]


Heave \Heave\, n.
1. An effort to raise something, as a weight, or one's self,
or to move something heavy.
[1913 Webster]

After many strains and heaves
He got up to his saddle eaves. --Hudibras.
[1913 Webster]

2. An upward motion; a rising; a swell or distention, as of
the breast in difficult breathing, of the waves, of the
earth in an earthquake, and the like.
[1913 Webster]

There's matter in these sighs, these profound
heaves,
You must translate. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

None could guess whether the next heave of the
earthquake would settle . . . or swallow them.
--Dryden.
[1913 Webster]

3. (Geol.) A horizontal dislocation in a metallic lode,
taking place at an intersection with another lode.
[1913 Webster]


Fault \Fault\, n. [OE. faut, faute, F. faute (cf. It., Sp., &
Pg. falta), fr. a verb meaning to want, fail, freq., fr. L.
fallere to deceive. See {Fail}, and cf. {Default}.]
1. Defect; want; lack; default.
[1913 Webster]

One, it pleases me, for fault of a better, to call
my friend. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

2. Anything that fails, that is wanting, or that impairs
excellence; a failing; a defect; a blemish.
[1913 Webster]

As patches set upon a little breach
Discredit more in hiding of the fault. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

3. A moral failing; a defect or dereliction from duty; a
deviation from propriety; an offense less serious than a
crime.
[1913 Webster]

4. (Geol. & Mining)
(a) A dislocation of the strata of the vein.
(b) In coal seams, coal rendered worthless by impurities
in the seam; as, slate fault, dirt fault, etc.
--Raymond.
[1913 Webster]

5. (Hunting) A lost scent; act of losing the scent.
[1913 Webster]

Ceasing their clamorous cry till they have singled,
With much ado, the cold fault cleary out. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

6. (Tennis) Failure to serve the ball into the proper court.
[1913 Webster]

7. (Elec.) A defective point in an electric circuit due to a
crossing of the parts of the conductor, or to contact with
another conductor or the earth, or to a break in the
circuit.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

8. (Geol. & Mining) A dislocation caused by a slipping of
rock masses along a plane of facture; also, the dislocated
structure resulting from such slipping.

Note: The surface along which the dislocated masses have
moved is called the

{fault plane}. When this plane is vertical, the fault is a

{vertical fault}; when its inclination is such that the
present relative position of the two masses could have
been produced by the sliding down, along the fault plane,
of the mass on its upper side, the fault is a

{normal fault}, or {gravity fault}. When the fault plane is
so inclined that the mass on its upper side has moved up
relatively, the fault is then called a

{reverse fault} (or {reversed fault}), {thrust fault}, or
{overthrust fault}. If no vertical displacement has resulted,
the fault is then called a

{horizontal fault}. The linear extent of the dislocation
measured on the fault plane and in the direction of
movement is the

{displacement}; the vertical displacement is the

{throw}; the horizontal displacement is the

{heave}. The direction of the line of intersection of the
fault plane with a horizontal plane is the

{trend} of the fault. A fault is a

{strike fault} when its trend coincides approximately with
the strike of associated strata (i.e., the line of
intersection of the plane of the strata with a horizontal
plane); it is a

{dip fault} when its trend is at right angles to the strike;
an

{oblique fault} when its trend is oblique to the strike.
Oblique faults and dip faults are sometimes called

{cross faults}. A series of closely associated parallel
faults are sometimes called

{step faults} and sometimes

{distributive faults}.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

{At fault}, unable to find the scent and continue chase;
hence, in trouble or embarrassment, and unable to proceed;
puzzled; thrown off the track.

{To find fault}, to find reason for blaming or complaining;
to express dissatisfaction; to complain; -- followed by
with before the thing complained of; but formerly by at.
"Matter to find fault at." --Robynson (More's Utopia).

Syn: -- Error; blemish; defect; imperfection; weakness;
blunder; failing; vice.

Usage: {Fault}, {Failing}, {Defect}, {Foible}. A fault is
positive, something morally wrong; a failing is
negative, some weakness or falling short in a man's
character, disposition, or habits; a defect is also
negative, and as applied to character is the absence
of anything which is necessary to its completeness or
perfection; a foible is a less important weakness,
which we overlook or smile at. A man may have many
failings, and yet commit but few faults; or his faults
and failings may be few, while his foibles are obvious
to all. The faults of a friend are often palliated or
explained away into mere defects, and the defects or
foibles of an enemy exaggerated into faults. "I have
failings in common with every human being, besides my
own peculiar faults; but of avarice I have generally
held myself guiltless." --Fox. "Presumption and
self-applause are the foibles of mankind."
--Waterland.
[1913 Webster]